Electric Current, Electric Power, Electrical Voltage Electricity and Electric Charge Formulas and Calculations The relationship between electrical parameters Electric voltage V, amperage I, resistivity R, impedance Z, wattage and power P Volt V, ampere A, resistance and impedance , and watt W The nominal impedance Z = 4, 8, and 16 ohms (loudspeakers) is often assumed as resistance R. Ohm's law equation (formula): V = I R and the power law equation (formula): P = I V. P = power, I or J = Latin: influare, international ampere, or intensity and R = resistance. V = voltage, electric potential difference V or E = electro motive force (EMF = voltage). Enter any two of the following values and click the calculation button. The missing values will be calculated. Please, enter only two values. The used Browser unfortunately supports no Javascript. The program is indicated, but the actual function is missing. The Formula Wheel of Electrical Engineering V comes from "voltage" and E from "electromotive force". E means also energy, so V is chosen. Energy = voltage charge. E = V Q. Some like better to stick to E instead to V, so do it. Voltage V = I R = P / I = (P R) in volts VCurrent I = V / R = P / V = (P / R) in amperes A Resistance R = V / I = P / I2 = V2 / P in ohms Power P = V I = R I2 = V2 / R in watts W See also: The Formula Wheel of Acoustics (Audio)

Tip: The electric power triangle (power formula) Please enter two values, the third value will be calculated.

The magic triangle can be used to calculate all formulas of the "electric power law". You hide with a finger the value to be calculated. The other two values show then how to do the calculation.

Calculations: Ohm's law - Ohm's magic triangle Measurement of input impedance and output impedance

ALTERNATINGCURRENT (AC) ~

Vl = line voltage (volts), Vp = phase voltage (volts), Il = line current (amps), Ip = phase current (amps) Z = impedance (ohms), P = power (watts), = power factor angle, VAR = volt-amperes (reactive)

In acoustics we have an "Acoustic equivalent for ohm's law"

Follow this link:
Voltage current resistance and electric power general basic ...

An electrician is a tradesperson specializing in electrical wiring of buildings, stationary machines and related equipment. Electricians may be employed in the installation of new electrical components or the maintenance and repair of existing electrical infrastructure.[1] Electricians may also specialize in wiring ships, airplanes and other mobile platforms also data and cable.

Electricians were originally people that demonstrated or studied the principles of electricity, very typically electrostatic generators of one form or another.[2]

In the United States, electricians are divided into two primary categories: linemen, who work on electric utility company distribution systems at higher voltages, and wiremen, who work with the lower voltages utilized inside buildings. Wiremen are generally trained in one of five primary specialties: commercial, residential, light industrial, industrial, and low-voltage wiring, more commonly known as Voice-Data-Video, or VDV. Other sub-specialties such as control wiring and fire-alarm may be performed by specialists trained in the devices being installed, or by inside wiremen.

Electricians are trained to one of three levels: Apprentice, Journeyman, and Master Electrician. Apprentices in the US and Canada are working to learn the electrical trade. They generally take several hundred hours of classroom instruction and are contracted to follow apprenticeship standards for a period of between three and six years, during which time they are paid as a percentage of the Journeyman's pay. Journeymen are electricians who have completed their Apprenticeship and who have been found by the local, State, or National licensing body to be competent in the electrical trade. Master Electricians have performed well in the trade for a period of time, often seven to ten years, and have passed an exam to demonstrate superior knowledge of the National Electrical Code, or NEC.

Service electricians are tasked to respond to requests for isolated repairs and upgrades. They have considerable skills troubleshooting wiring problems, installing wiring in existing buildings, and making repairs. Construction electricians primarily focus on larger projects, such as installing all new electrical system for an entire building, or upgrading an entire floor of an office building as part of a remodeling process. Other specialty areas are marine electricians, research electricians and hospital electricians. "Electrician" is also used as the name of a role in stagecraft, where electricians are tasked primarily with hanging, focusing, and operating stage lighting. In this context, the Master Electrician is the show's chief electrician. Although theater electricians routinely perform electrical work on stage lighting instruments and equipment, they are not part of the electrical trade and have a different set of skills and qualifications from the electricians that work on building wiring.

In the film industry[where?] and on a television crew the Electrician is referred to as a Gaffer.[citation needed]

Electrical contractors are businesses that employ electricians to design, install, and maintain electrical systems. Contractors are responsible for generating bids for new jobs, hiring tradespeople for the job, providing material to electricians in a timely manner, and communicating with architects, electrical and building engineers, and the customer to plan and complete the finished product.

Many jurisdictions have regulatory restrictions concerning electrical work for safety reasons due to the many hazards of working with electricity. Such requirements maybe testing, registration and/or licensing. Licensing requirements vary between jurisdictions.

An electrician's license entitles the holder to carry out all types of electrical installation work in Australia without supervision. However, to contract, or offer to contract, to carry out electrical installation work, a licensed electrician must also be registered as an electrical contractor. Under Australian law, electrical work that involves fixed wiring is strictly regulated and must almost always be performed by a licensed electrician and/or electrical contractor.[3][4] A local electrician can handle a range of work including air conditioning, data, and structured cabling systems, home automation & theatre, LAN, WAN and VPN data solutions, light fittings and installation, phone points, power points, safety inspections and reports, safety switches, smoke alarm installation, inspection and certification and testing and tagging of electrical appliances.

Electrical licensing in Australia is regulated by the individual states. In Western Australia the Department of Commerce tracks licensee's and allows the public to search for individually named/licensed Electricians.[5]

See the rest here:
Electrician - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Attention Electricians and Systems Licensees: Is your license lapsed?

Your license is considered "lapsed" if you did not complete your mandatory continuing education (MCE) classes and you did not pay your renewal fee prior to July 31, 2013. A "lapsed" license means that your license has expired and that you cannot practice at this time.

To renew a license in "lapsed" status, you must first complete your MCEs. To sign up for MCE classes, please contact an approved provider from our List of Mandatory Continuing Education Providers or view the Calendar of Scheduled MCE Classes . Following the successful completion of your MCEs, the Board will send a license renewal application to your address of record. Upon receipt of the renewal application, please complete it and return it to the Board with the appropriate payment. Please be advised that if you did not complete your MCEs prior to July 31, 2013, you may be required to pay a late fee in addition to the standard renewal fee.

For more information on MCE requirements, please consult the Boards regulations, 237 CMR 17.01(3) or visit the "Continuing Education " page of the Boards website.

Continued here:
Board of State Examiners of Electricians

Re: Grid tie inverter question Posted by gfretwell: It was more of a theoretical question but in any serious emergency, "feeding the monster" (fuel) is far from a trivial task. Proper transfer equipment is going to be needed for the generator anyway so any "field engineering" will not be attached to the grid. This would be used in lieu of the (...) Re: Dimmer panel Posted by gfretwell: The problem is the .7v drop across the triac. A 1kw load is 8.33a and that is close to 6 watts. (more than the old style C7 Christmas light bulb) It might be worse if there are other inefficiencies in there. With a decent finned heat sink, that is not a problem but a bunch of them in a closed (...) Re: Ontario electrical incident reports Posted by dougwells: I like how ESA have a facebook page and are also on Twitter, unlike our BCSA Re: Re: HVAC Posted by Tesla: For the record...

I've seen floor sanders stick bare, naked, stranded #8 into dryer receptacles to power up their Hummels. (belt style floor sander - Germany)

I had to ask:"Since the 30A 240VAC circuit is used time and again, why aren't you just using a dryer pigtail to Hubbel twist lock (...)

On their (typically unfused) secondary side one wire is normally 'anchored' to ground whenever a floating neutral must be shunned. (It's not at all unusual for these circuits to 'float' -- not being grounded at (...)

I've done my share of 'scaffold surfing' and almost splashed down, but saved by two guys walking by. Surfing in other than a pristine clean floor is not a good thing.

I agree with Tesla, a Baker scaffold makes a great work platform as (...)

OK, I see now what he is referring to. I missed the previous post and I can see how this was a specific design.

Read more from the original source:
Electrical Contractor, Licensed & Master Electricians Network

The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is a regionally adoptable standard for the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment in the United States. The NEC, while having no legally binding regulation as written, can be and often is adopted by states, municipalities and cities in an effort to standardize their enforcement of safe electrical practices within their respective jurisdiction. In some cases, the NEC is amended, altered and may even be rejected in lieu of regional regulations as voted on by the governing bodies of any given locale.

The NEC codifies the requirements for safe electrical installations into a single, standardized source. It is part of the National Fire Codes series published by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and while not itself a U.S. law, NEC use is commonly mandated by state or local law.[1]

The "authority having jurisdiction" inspects for compliance with these minimum standards.[2][3]

("National Electrical Code" and "NEC" are registered trademarks of the NFPA.)

The NEC is developed by NFPA's Committee on the National Electrical Code, which consists of 19 [20 in 2008] code-making panels and a technical correlating committee. Work on the NEC is sponsored by the National Fire Protection Association. The NEC is approved as an American national standard by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). It is formally identified as ANSI/NFPA 70.

First published in 1897, the NEC is updated and published every three years. The 2011 NEC is the current edition (effective date August 25, 2010). Most states adopt the most recent edition within a couple of years of its publication. As with any "uniform" code, a few jurisdictions regularly omit or modify some sections, or add their own requirements (sometimes based upon earlier versions of the NEC, or locally accepted practices). However, the NEC is the least amended model code, even with it setting minimum standards. No court has faulted anyone for using the latest version of the NEC, even when the local code was not updated.

In the U.S., anyone, including the city issuing building permits, may face a civil liability lawsuit (be sued) for negligently creating a situation that results in loss of life or property. Those who fail to adhere to well known best practices for safety have been held negligent. This means that the city should adopt and enforce building codes that specify standards and practices for electrical systems (as well as other departments such as water and fuel-gas systems). This creates a system whereby a city can best avoid lawsuits by adopting a single, standard set of building code laws. This has led to the NEC becoming the de facto standard set of electrical requirements. A licensed electrician will have spent years of apprenticeship studying and practicing the NEC requirements prior to obtaining his or her license.

The NEC also contains information about the official definition of HAZLOC and the related standards given by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and dealing with hazardous locations such as explosive atmospheres.

The NEC is available as a bound book containing approximately 1000 pages. It has been available in electronic form since the 1993 edition. Although the code is updated every three years, some jurisdictions do not immediately adopt the new edition.

The NEC is also available as a restricted, digitized coding model that can be read online but not saved, copied and pasted, or printed, free of charge on certain computing platforms that support the restricted viewer software.

Read more from the original source:
National Electrical Code - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Welcome to the Electrician Talk - Professional Electrical Contractors Forum. If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking the link above. You may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. Forum Last Post Threads Posts Electrical Forum

Open electrical discussion.

The business of contracting discussed here. Everything from starting up a new business to expanding a successful one.

All chapters including General, Wiring and Protection, Wiring Methods and Materials, Equipment for General Use, Special Occupancies, Special Equipment, Special Conditions, and Communication Systems.

UL Standards, BICSI and TIA/EIA Standards, and Building, Fire, and Health Codes for Electricians.

Primary and Secondary linework discussed here.

Residential and Commercial Lighting Design.

Residential and Commerical Services and Service Equipment.

Phone, Data, CATV / Video, Distributed Music, Paging & Call Boxes.

Discussions include PLCs hardware and programming, VFDs, troubleshooting Motors and Controls, instrumentation and Analog controls, Robotics, and Industrial electronics.

Originally posted here:
Electrician Talk - Professional Electrical Contractors Forum

Updated: 10/15/2013 Description: Oregon Reciprocates the General Journeyman Electrician (J) with the states listed. Before you apply please carefully read the prerequisites and requirement sections below, in addition to the reciprocal agreements. Choose the state to view the Reciprocal Agreements for that state. Statutes, Rules, Ordinances: OAR918-030-0045 Duration: 3 years or less, depending on the date of issue. Fees - application, exam, etc.: $100.00 application fee. The application fee includes the first license cycle. All application fees are non-refundable and fees are not prorated based on the time remaining in the cycle when you apply. Responsible Agency: BCD-Electrical Continuing Ed Requirements: During each three-year license period, all licensees shall complete a minimum of 24 hours of approved continuing education, of these 24 required continuing education hours you must have completed one code change course directed by the board. Please see the Electrical Calendar at Training & Continuing Education. Prerequisites: Have a current, active, and in good standing General Journeyman Electricians license with no violations from the reciprocal state within the last three years. You qualified to take the General Journeyman Electricians exam through required work experience. You passed the General Journeyman Electricians license exam in the reciprocal state with a score of 75% or higher. You have worked a minimum of six months (1000 hours) under the General Journeyman Electricians license in the reciprocal state. You have not taken and failed the General Journeyman Electrician license in the state of Oregon with in the last two years. Application Form: Reciprocal Electrical and Plumbing Application Renewals: Renewal fee is $100. A renewal notice will be mailed to the licensee approximately six weeks prior to the expiration of their license. Duplicate: If you have lost your license, please return this Change Form and mark the box requesting a new license. Service Links: ReciprocalElectricalandPlumbingLicenseApplication#4794 Agency Contact Information Required Documentation: For Oregon to review your completed Reciprocal License Application (Form# 440-4794) you must submit the following documentation: A copy of your Active General Journeyman Electricians license from the reciprocal state. Documents to show your license is current, active, and in good standing with no violation history. Please include any history of violations, or a statement indicating you have no violation history. A letter from your reciprocal state incorporating all of this information will be accepted. Verification you have passed the General Journeyman Electricians license exam in the reciprocal state with a score of 75% or higher . Verification you have worked a minimum of six months (1000 hours) under the General Journeyman Electricians license in the reciprocal state. A 2" X 2" passport style photo of yourself. A regular sized picture works as long as there is a solid background. Payment of the fee. Additional Information: The permanent rule has been placed in affect July, 1, 2008. You may review the Oregon Adminstrative Rule 918-030-0045 Agency Information Please refer to the Agency Website for further details and additional information. Agency Name: BCD - Electrical E-mail Address: License.BCD@state.or.us Phone: 503-373-1268 Mail Address: DCBS - Building Codes Division PO BOX 14470 Salem, OR 97309 - 0404 Website Information: http://www.bcd.oregon.gov/programs/electrical.html

View original post here:
Electrician, General Journeyman (J) Reciprocal - Oregon ...

Summary

Electricians inspect electrical components, such as transformers and circuit breakers.

Electricians install and maintain electrical systems in homes, businesses, and factories.

Electricians work indoors and out, in nearly every type of facility. Almost all electricians work full time, which may include evenings and weekends. Although the work is not as dangerous as some other construction occupations, common risks include electrical shocks and burns, cuts, and falls.

Although most electricians learn through a formal apprenticeship, some start out by attending a technical school. Most states require licensure.

The median annual wage of electricians was $48,250 in May 2010.

Employment of electricians is projected to grow 23 percent from 2010 to 2020, faster than the average for all occupations. Homes and businesses require more wiring than ever before, and electricians will be needed to install the necessary components.

Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of electricians with similar occupations.

O*NET provides comprehensive information on key characteristics of workers and occupations.

Learn more about electricians by contacting these additional resources.

Go here to read the rest:
Electricians : Occupational Outlook Handbook : U.S. Bureau of ...

Previously referred to in ASCO as: 431101 Electricians - Supervisor 431111 General Electrician

On this page

Installs, tests, connects, commissions, maintains and modifies electrical equipment, wiring and control systems.

This occupation has a level of skill commensurate with the qualifications and experience in Australia of AQF Certificate III including at least two years of on-the-job training, or AQF Certificate IV (ANZSCO Skill Level 3).

At least three years of relevant experience may substitute for the formal qualifications listed above. In some instances relevant experience and/or on-the-job training may be required in addition to the formal qualification.

If you require further information on this occupation, please refer to the Australian Bureau of Statistics website. See: Unit Group 3411 - Electricians

Information on the skill level of each occupation is consistent with the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO) and may differ from the requirements set by the assessing authorities for obtaining a skills assessment. Please contact the relevant assessing authority for your nominated occupation to check on their requirements.

Applicants in this occupation may be eligible for skilled migration under the following programs: Employer Nomination Scheme (ENS), Regional Sponsored Migration Scheme (RSMS), Points Based Skilled Migration visa, Temporary Business (Long Stay) (Subclass 457). See: Employer Nomination Scheme (Subclass 186) Regional Sponsored Migration Scheme (Subclass 187) SkillSelect (Points Based Skilled Migration visa) Temporary Business (Long Stay) - Standard Business Sponsorship (Subclass 457)

A skills assessment is only required for certain visa subclasses in the skilled migration program. Please check whether a skills assessment is required for the visa subclass you want to apply for before contacting the relevant assessing authority.

Under the General Skilled Migration program, some occupations may only be available for state or territory government agency nomination. For a complete list of occupations, refer to the Skilled Occupation List (SOL). See: Skilled Occupation Lists (Formerly Known as Form 1121i)

Read this article:
Electrician (General) - 341111 - Immi

Southern Company presented White Electrical Construction Company of Atlanta with their Triangle Safety Award for work completed at Plant McDonough Combined Cycle Plant Unit 6 in Atlanta, GA. The Triangle Safety Award is a Southern Company honor which recognizes contractors that achieve high levels of safety performance. Eligibility for this award is reached when a contractor has completed over 100,000 man-hours on a Southern Company project site over the course of a year and has zero recordable injuries, missed work days or accidents, as well as no OSHA citations.

This prestigious award was handed to only 7 of over 170 contractors Southern Company worked with during 2012 that met or exceeded the stringent standards.

White Electrical was founded in 1910 to serve the growing needs for electricity in the South specifically the cotton and textile plants. White Electrical has grown into a full service industrial electrical contractor supplying many different industries including: automotive, food/beverage, power, chemical, pulp/paper, healthcare, military, pharmaceuticals, water treatment, and general manufacturing.

White Electrical provides full service construction, project management, and maintenance in some of the following electrical contractors areas:

The rest is here:
White Electrical