The Court of Appeal upheld a Coastal Commission cease-and-desist order requiring demolition of a seawall and payment of a $1 million penalty by homeowners who performed major reconstruction on their coastal home without notifying the Coastal Commission. 11 Lagunita, LLC v. California Coastal Commission, No. G058436 (4th Dist., Dec. 18, 2020).

In 2015, the Coastal Commission issued a Coastal Development Permit allowing reinforcement of an existing seawall at the base of a 1950s era Laguna Beach home. The CDP contained a condition stating that the permit would expire and the seawall would have to be removed if the home were redeveloped in a manner that constitutes new development. It also provided that questions of intent or interpretation of any condition would be resolved by the Executive Director or the Commission.

In 2016, subsequent owners reinforced the seawall and commenced a significant remodel of the home. The project included demolition of all exterior walls down to the studs, removal and replacement of roofing materials, and reinforcement of the entire framing system. The owners obtained building permits from the city, but did not notify or seek permits from the Coastal Commission.

When Commission staff learned of the work, they sent an enforcement violation letter alleging that new development was occurring on the property in violation of the conditions of the 2015 CDP. The notice stated that the owners would need to apply to the Commission either to remove the seawall or to modify the permit, and asked that all work on the home cease until that occurred. After the owners refused to halt the project, staff initiated cease-and-desist proceedings before the full Commission. Following a lengthy public hearing, the Commission voted unanimously to issue a cease-and-desist order requiring the owners to remove the seawall and imposed a $1 million administrative penalty.

In the owners subsequent lawsuit, the Court of Appeal upheld the Coastal Commissions decisions in all respects. The court found that testimony at the hearing and photographs of the remodel constituted substantial evidence that the owners violated the conditions of the 2015 CDP and supported a finding that the residence was redeveloped in a manner that constitutes new development by any reasonable definition or understanding of those terms. The court rejected the owners claim that because the city did not consider the work a major remodel, they reasonably proceeded with the work without notifying the Commission. The court noted that whether the work constituted a minor or major remodel under the citys code was irrelevant to the determination of whether it met the definition of new development under the Coastal Act, which it plainly did.

The court also upheld the $1 million penalty. The Commission properly determined that the owners had violated the Coastal Act by performing the work without notice to the Commission and the now-unauthorized seawall was illegally limiting public access along the beachfront and causing erosion and other adverse impacts to coastal resources. The $1 million penalty was not unreasonable in light of the gravity of the violation, the cost of enforcement, the owners refusal to cease work when originally notified of the violation, and evidence that the owners deliberately sought to avoid Commission review based on the likelihood Commission staff would find it constituted unpermitted new development.

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Coastal Commission Order to Homeowners to Remove Seawall and Pay $1 Million Fine Upheld - JD Supra

The flurry of home remodeling and design continues into the cooler weather, as people are continuing to work at home and get those projects done that theyve always imagined doing. Not only are people making small changes to their homes, but big ones as well.

With the huge number of design/build companies out there, its crucial to understand that companies like Encore Construction can be trusted to deliver.

Encore is a company that people can trust, said Kathy DeMeyer, owner and general manager of Encore Construction Co. The design/build process really pulls everyone together the clients, sales, and the project manager. The client needs to be able to trust the person theyre asking to take care of one of the most expensive things theyll ever spend money on. The client needs to know that the person theyre trusting is as good as their word and you can show past jobs and have them talk to past clients who have experienced that.

Encore specializes in large-scale remodels and new additions, says DeMeyer. We do new homes as well as additions. But most of our work tends to be focused on large-scale remodels kitchens, bathrooms, replacement windows the entire house. For us, its definitely the second-home market. Most of our clients own a second home on the Cape.

Typically, she said, if a potential client wants to talk about a project, Encore will meet that potential client at the home and go over their wish list.

Most of the projects start in design because most people are looking for the open concept for a larger master suite, for example, and you really have to get into the design of that project before you do anything else, DeMeyer said. We ask them to set up idea books from both Pinterest and Houzz. Just having that wish list helps us a lot, even before we start designing any project.

Some of the things to be discussed at the initial meeting will include the reality of what can actually be done. The client may have a wish list of what they WANT to do, but will need to understand what they CAN do, DeMeyer said.

Right now, were coming into a lot of smaller lots that people want to expand upon, but either the setbacks are too close, or the house is already non-conforming, etc. she said. We, in the building business, have had to really step up our game and learn all the new zoning regulations so that, before we even meet with the client, we know already know whether or not they can do that type of a project.

If a client has a non-conforming home, she said, it will trigger a visit to the Board of Appeals which, most of the time, is for a special permit, and that alone can take up to three months to acquire. The towns are being very restrictive on what people can and cannot do. If the house is conforming, and the client wishes to go out of the boundaries, thats very hard to do in this area, DeMeyer said.

The COVID- 19 pandemic has affected almost every type of business and industry out there, but many companies have turned to smarter means of communication to continue working.

Were still meeting people face to face, with masks, outside if we can. In the early months of the pandemic, we were not meeting people in their home, but we are now with proper precautions, said DeMeyer. Builder Trend is an application which we use for schedule tracking, building, the selection process everything gets entered in there to keep the lines of communication opened. Its a great application and weve found it very helpful. It helps keep everybody on schedule. Clients can message us through Builder Trend, as well.

DeMeyer and her team are seeing a huge uptick in the need for both home offices and outdoor living spaces from clients.

There are a lot more people looking for a home office, or a space they can call a home office, because theyre working from home, she said. Even people who live in Boston, if they have a house here on Cape Cod, theyre here. Theyre really seeing a conflict between the space theyve set aside for living, and the space they need for their office.

Additionally, she added, open living space like a screened porch, has become an extremely needed space for many people. While spending so much more time at home, they want to be able to enjoy the seasons, and want a three-season or screened-in porch.

Being a woman in a male-dominated industry has presented its particular challenges to DeMeyer, even in this modern day and age.

Ive had about 25 years of construction experience, she said. A lot of people who meet a woman in the construction field assume shes more likely a secretary or the books person, or the one who takes care of paperwork at the office. I constantly get asked if my husband is my partner in our business. People still assume that, and that is not the case, she added.

Ive had my construction supervisors license, which I worked very hard for, for almost 20 years, said DeMeyer. Knowing what the codes are and what the bylaws are in each town is huge, and I feel that both myself and Dale, the other owner, are always current on the changes that are being made on a yearly basis, and this can be a really good resource for a client.

For more information on Encore Construction, visit them atencoreco.com.

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Homeowner's Headquarters A Discussion with Encore Construction on Remodeling Trends - CapeCod.com News

The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) released its Remodeling Market Index (RMI) in the third quarter of 2020, posting a reading of 82. The finding is a signal of residential remodelers strong confidence in their markets, for projects of all sizes. The demand for home improvement is robust given the importance of home for Americans as the economy recovers and adapts from the impacts of COVID-19.

With refinancing activity surging, homeowners are investing in their homes, which is sustaining strong demand for remodeling, said NAHB Remodelers Chair Tom Ashley, Jr., CAPS, CGP, CGR, a remodeler from Denham Springs, La. As a result of the rapid changes for work and the economy after the virus-induced recession, homes are serving multiple roles such as school, office and gym. This has directly increased the demand for improvements.

The RMI survey asks remodelers to rate five components of the remodeling market as good, fair or poor. Each question is measured on a scale from 0 to 100, where an index number above 50 indicates that a higher share view conditions as good than poor.

The Current Conditions Index is an average of three of these components: the current market for large remodeling projects, moderately-sized projects and small projects. The Future Indicators Index is an average of the other two components: the current rate at which leads and inquiries are coming in and the current backlog of remodeling projects. The overall RMI is calculated by averaging the Current Conditions Index and the Future Indicator Index. Any number over 50 indicates that more remodelers view remodeling market conditions as good than poor.

In the third quarter, all components and subcomponents of the RMI were 77 or above. The Current Conditions Index averaged 86, with large remodeling projects ($50,000 or more) yielding a reading of 80, moderately-sized remodeling projects (at least $20,000 but less than $50,000) at 86 and small remodeling projects (under $20,000) with a reading of 90. These readings indicate that the strength for remodeling is felt across all types of projects.

The Future Indicators Index averaged 77, with the rate at which leads and inquiries are coming in at 78 and the backlog of remodeling jobs at 77.

The third quarter RMI reading of 82 indicates strong remodeler sentiment, as business has strengthened as homeowners focus on the importance of home for work and life amid the pandemic and its consequences, said NAHB Chief Economist Robert Dietz. However, remodelers are reporting double-digit percentage increases for material pricing, as delays in obtaining materials have become a critical near-term challenge due to disrupted supply-chains. Nonetheless, the third quarter RMI is another indicator showing that housing is the bright spot of the economy.

Source: NAHB

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NAHB: Remodeling Industry Confidence Surges in Third Quarter - RisMedia.com

Predictive value was independent of clinical, biomarker assessments

Among patients hospitalized with Covid-19, adverse right ventricular remodeling on transthoracic echocardiography was a significant predictor of mortality, independent of standard clinical and biomarker-based assessment.

In a retrospective study of outcomes among just over 500 patients treated for Covid-19 at three New York City-area hospitals, those with both adverse right ventricular (RV) remodeling reflected as RV dilation or dysfunction and elevated troponin, ferritin, or D-dimer levels had the highest risk for death.

Echocardiograms were performed a median of 6 days after hospital admission based on high suspicion of RV remodeling, and RV dilation was present in 35% of cases while RV dysfunction was present in 15%.

Adverse RV remodeling was found to confer a more than 2-fold increased risk for death after controlling for age and biomarker elevations.

The findings, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, suggest that adverse RV remodeling is a powerful prognostic indicator in patients with Covid-19, for which predictive utility is incremental to routine clinical and/or biomarker-based assessments, wrote researcher Jiwon Kim, MD, of Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, and colleagues.

The researchers noted that further study is needed to elucidate inflammatory pathways and myocardial tissue properties responsible for RV dysfunction in patients with acute Covid-19, as well as whether Covid-19 survivors with adverse RV remodeling are at residual risk for adverse clinical outcomes.

Cardiac injury is recognized as a potential occurrence in the setting of severe Covid-19, with an early study from Wuhan, China finding cardiac injury to be present in 7.2% of patients hospitalized with the disease and 22% of hospitalized patients requiring ICU care. Another study showed cardiac injury to be strongly associated with Covid-19 mortality, occurring in 46% of non-survivors, compared to 1% of survivors.

Adverse cardiac chamber remodeling has been reported in patients with Covid-19, Kim and colleagues wrote. Given that this condition confers high risk for lung involvement, a key area of focus has been adverse right ventricular remodeling.

They noted that while earlier single center studies have shown RV dilation and dysfunction to occur with Covid-19 infection, the prognostic utility of RV remodeling in severe Covid-19 has been unknown.

Their study included 510 patients (age 6414 years, 66% men) hospitalized for Covid-19 and evaluated for RV dysfunction due to dyspnea/respiratory decompensation (88%), hemodynamic instability (62%), known/suspected myocardial infarction (12%) and/or arrhythmia (7%).

RV dilation and dysfunction were present in 35% and 15% of the patients, respectively, and RV dysfunction increased stepwise in relation to RV chamber size (P=0.007).

During a median inpatient follow-up of 20 days, 32% of patients died and 45% were discharged.

Among the main study findings:

Our observed link between adverse RV remodeling and death may stem from hemodynamic stimuli in which RV dilation is an initially compensatory adaptation to increased RV afterload and/or augmented pulmonary circulatory requirements in context of Covid-mediated hypoxia, but ultimately leads to increased RV wall stress and subsequent dysfunction, Kim and colleagues wrote.

Consistent with this hypothesis, their findings demonstrated that RV dysfunction was 2-fold less common than dilation and occurred most often among patients with the greatest dilation.

More specifically, hypercoagulability and high rates of thrombotic events are known to occur in Covid-19 patients among whom coagulopathy can involve the venous, arterial, and microcirculatory systems, they wrote. Thromboembolism and microthrombi due to Covid-19 infection-related inflammation, hypoxia, and diffuse intravascular coagulation has the potential to augment RV afterload leading to RV dilation and ultimately resulting in RV dysfunction/failure.

In commentary published with the study, cardiologists Patricia Pellikka, MD, of Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota and Tasneem Naqvi, MD, of Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona wrote that the findings from this and other studies suggest a key role for echocardiography in understanding cardiovascular injury associated with Covid-19.

The long-term cardiovascular sequelae of Covid-19, including the impacts of clinical and subclinical myocardial injury and inflammation, chronic pulmonary dysfunction, exacerbation of underlying heart disease, and profound deconditioning, will be a subject of continued study, they wrote.

Salynn Boyles, Contributing Writer, BreakingMED

Funding for this research was provided by the National Institutes of Health and he Bruce B. Lerman Clinical Scholoar Award.

The researchers declared no relevant disclosures related to this study.

Cat ID: 914

Topic ID: 74,914,914,190,926,192,927,925,934

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Right Ventricle Remodeling Predictive of Covid-19 Death - Physician's Weekly

The National Association of Homebuilders (NAHB) released its third quarter 2020 Remodeling Market Index (RMI), which had a reading of 82, a signal of residential remodelers strong confidence in their markets, for projects of all sizes. As the economy recovers and adapts from the impacts of Covid-19, the importance of home for Americans has created a healthy demand for home improvement.

With refinancing activity surging, home owners are investing in their homes, which is sustaining strong demand for remodeling, said NAHB remodelers chair Tom Ashley, Jr., CAPS, CGP, CGR, a remodeler from Denham Springs, La. As a result of the rapid changes for work and the economy after the virus-induced recession, homes are serving multiple roles such as school, office and gym. This has directly increased the demand for improvements.

The RMI survey asks remodelers to rate five components of the remodeling market as good, fair or poor. Each question is measured on a scale from 0 to 100, where an index number above 50 indicates that a higher share view conditions as good than poor.

The Current Conditions Index is an average of three components: the current market for large remodeling projects, moderately-sized projects and small projects. The Future Indicators Index is an average of two other components: the current rate at which leads and inquiries are coming in and the current backlog of remodeling projects. The overall RMI is the average of the Current Conditions Index and the Future Indicator Index, with any number over 50 reflecting a view of remodeling market conditions as good than poor.

In the third quarter, all components and subcomponents of the RMI were 77 or above. The Current Conditions Index averaged 86, with large remodeling projects ($50,000+) yielding a reading of 80, moderately-sized remodeling projects ($20,000 $50,000) at 86 and small remodeling projects (less than $20,000) with a reading of 90. These readings indicate that the strength for remodeling is felt across all types of projects.

The Future Indicators Index averaged 77, with the rate at which leads and inquiries are coming in at 78 and the backlog of remodeling jobs at 77.

The third quarter RMI reading of 82 indicates strong remodeler sentiment, as business has strengthened as home owners focus on the importance of home for work and life amidst the pandemic and its consequences, said NAHB chief economist Robert Dietz. However, remodelers are reporting double-digit percentage increases for material pricing, as delays in obtaining materials have become a critical near-term challenge due to disrupted supply-chains. Nonetheless, the third quarter RMI is another indicator showing that housing is the bright spot of the economy.

The RMI was redesigned in 2020 to ease respondent burden and improve its ability to interpret and track industry trends. As a result, readings cannot be compared quarter to quarter until enough data are collected to seasonally adjust the series. In the third quarter, 52 percent of respondents indicated that the market is better and only 6 percent rated it worse.

Excerpt from:
Remodeling Industry Confidence Surges in Third Quarter DWM Magazine - DWM Magazine

This event is both ONLINE and IN-PERSON with very limited seating.

It's been awhile, and we are thrilled to be hosting our first remodeling seminar since the pandemic. We will be combining some of the greatest attributes of our traditional seminars with some exciting new concepts, and we hope to make this presentation even more special for our attendees and online audience.

Here is what our in-person attendees will receive:

- Live Q and A with our panel of expert home builders and designers with subjects tailored to your specific home makeover.

- Reserved seating with dinner served brown bag-style at your seat.

- Complimentary drinks, such as beer, wine, bottled water, and coffee.

- A VIP swag bag of goodies to take home.

- A chance to win a fantastic door prize.

We want you to feel safe and comfortable and able to learn about your remodel options. We are limiting the in-person seating to just 20 attendees to allow for distancing and ample private side table seating. Guests must pre-register for the in-person event and agree to a few short statements of health prior to the day of the seminar. We ask that masks be worn upon entrance to the showroom until you are seated at your reserved seat (we will provide you with a mask, if you do not have one of your own). We will also provide you with hand sanitizer at your table. Each in-person attendee must be symptom free of any COVID-19 symptoms, and to that effect, we will be doing contactless temperature checks of each individual upon arrival.

You may also register to watch online from the comfort of your own home.

We look forward to seeing you very soon as we work to make your house the home of your dreams!

URL:

Tickets: https://go.evvnt.com/696153-0?pid=4509

Price:

VIP In Person: USD 15.00

Category: Attractions | Talks and Lectures

Time: 6:30 pm to 8:30 pm

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Local Event: Home Remodeling: 101 (VIP in-person or live streaming options) - Patch.com

Muscular pulmonary artery and annexed bronchus: GLA (red outline) = great longitudinal axis; ED (green outline) = external diameter; EP (yellow outline) = external perimeter; IP* (blue outline) = internal perimeter; LP (pink outline) = lumen perimeter; TA (within yellow outline) = total area; IA* (within blue outline) = internal area; LA (within pink outline) = lumen area. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239561.g001

Severe asthma in horses can trigger thickening of the walls of lung arteries, researchers have found.

This kind of remodeling is also seen in the pulmonary arteries of humans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension.

Similar changes to the pulmonary arteries have also been seen in rodent experiments as a result of allergic airway inflammation.

Severe equine asthma, also known as heaves and recurrent airway obstruction, is a chronic, non-infectious inflammatory lower airway disease. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of airway obstruction caused by exposure to environmental antigens, such as fungi, hay mites and endotoxins.

Serena Ceriotti and her colleagues, reporting in the open-access journal PLOS ONE, note that pulmonary hypertension and changes to the function of the right ventricle of the heart are complications of severe equine asthma, arising from pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction.

However, as pulmonary hypertension is only partially reversible by giving oxygen, other factors are likely involved.

The study team set out to investigate the presence of changes to the pulmonary arteries in cases of severe equine asthma and their distribution throughout the lungs. They also examined the potential reversibility of this remodeling either through long-term avoidance of the allergens that trigger the condition, or inhaled corticosteroids.

The researchers measured the total wall area of pulmonary arteries from different regions of the lungs of asthmatic horses and compared the results with those from healthy control horses. The smooth muscle mass of pulmonary arteries was also estimated.

Reversibility of changes to the blood vessels in asthmatic horses was assessed after a year of avoiding the allergens alone, or treatment with inhaled fluticasone for a similar time.

The scientists found that the pulmonary arteries showed increased wall area in the apical (upper reaches) and in the caudodorsal (closest to the spine, toward the tail) lung regions of asthmatic horses in both exacerbation and remission.

The pulmonary artery smooth muscle mass was similarly increased.

Both treatments reversed the increase in wall area, they reported. However, a trend for normalization of the vascular smooth muscle mass was observed only after treatment with antigen avoidance, but not with fluticasone.

In conclusion, severe equine asthma is associated with remodeling (thickening) of the pulmonary arteries consisting of an increased smooth muscle mass.

The resulting narrowing of the artery could enhance hypoxic vasoconstriction, contributing to pulmonary hypertension, they said.

In our study population, the antigen avoidance strategy appeared more promising than inhaled corticosteroids in controlling vascular remodeling.

However, further studies are needed to support the reversibility of vascular smooth muscle mass remodeling after asthma treatment.

Discussing their findings, the researchers said their work revealed significant pulmonary artery wall thickening in asthmatic horses compared to controls.

The average wall area of muscular pulmonary arteries in asthmatic horses was 7% to 12% greater than that of controls increases similar to those seen in humans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

This remodeling affected only the caudodorsal lung fields and the lung apex, they said.

An increase in airway smooth muscle mass was also present in severely asthmatic horses, they said.

Short-term antigen avoidance significantly improved lung function and airway inflammation in asthmatic horses, while smooth muscle mass was not reduced in muscular pulmonary arteries in the present study, nor in small peripheral airways in a previous work.

While pulmonary artery wall thickening was reversed by long-term antigen avoidance (12 months), this was not the case for horses treated that inhaled corticosteroids for the same period, despite six months of associated antigen avoidance.

While inhaled corticosteroids were mainly effective on airway obstruction, long-term antigen avoidance better controlled neutrophilic airway inflammation.

This, they said, supports a possible role of inflammation in the development of pulmonary artery remodeling, facilitated by the strict anatomic relationship between pulmonary circulation and the airways, as already investigated in acute allergic human asthma.

The researchers say further studies should focus on the role of hypoxemia and inflammation in inducing remodeling of pulmonary arteries smooth muscle, as well as its impact on pulmonary artery pressure and cardiovascular complications in severe equine asthma.

The full study team comprised Ceriotti, who is Auburn University in Alabama; Michela Bullone, Mathilde Leclere and Jean-Pierre Lavoie, who are with the University of Montreal in Quebec; and Francesco Ferrucci, who is with the University of Milan in Italy.

Ceriotti S, Bullone M, Leclere M, Ferrucci F, Lavoie J-P (2020) Severe asthma is associated with a remodeling of the pulmonary arteries in horses. PLoS ONE 15(10): e0239561. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239561

The study, published under a Creative Commons License, can be read here.

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Thickening of arterial walls in the lungs of badly asthmatic horses seen in study - Horsetalk

Construction-industry veteran Rebecca Fountain founded general contracting firm KOR Building Group in 2013 with a focus on residential renovations, government contracting, hotel remodels and commercial construction. Perhaps of equal importance, Fountain built KOR on a foundation of inclusivity and diversity.

In an industry that is traditionally male-dominated, KOR is among one of the few construction firms recognized as a WBENC-certified Woman-Owned Business and has achieved additional certifications including DBE, ESB, SBE, WBE and WOSB. The company is committed to working with diverse subcontractors, suppliers and professional service firms, and has received local and regional acclaim for its work on behalf of clients such as The Venetian, The Palazzo and Excalibur, as well as projects at McCarran International Airport for the Department of Aviation, Southwest Airlines, United Airlines, Hudson News and Jamba Juice.

KOR completed 29 tenant improvement and remodeling projects in the last year, including with the TSA on its Defense Priority Allocation System at McCarran Airport, and design and planning within the Excalibur Food Court with the Feel Good Brands corporation.

In the community, KORs charitable contributions include construction support and material donations for local nonprofits Veterans Village and the Las Vegas Rescue Mission.

Original post:
Contractor of the Year Awards: Diverse General Contractor of the Year, KOR Building Group - Las Vegas Sun

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100 years ago

Sept. 21, 1920: Local businesses are spending almost $3 million on construction and remodeling this year. The Consistory building is still the biggest project at $600,000. Next is the Lafayette Apartments at $300,000. (The Lafayette is only project still serving its original purpose.)

75 years ago

Sept. 21, 1945: From the now it can be told file: The Sylvania plant in Bloomington made contributions to Britains radar program by making tubes the British couldnt. Other tubes were used against Japan in missile nose cones, making the missiles explode as they near their targets.

50 years ago

Sept. 21, 1970: Work crews are setting up a prefabricated portable classroom at Raymond School on the west side. Its a step to ease overcrowding but it wont have toilet facilities. Remedial reading and resource programs will be housed there.

25 years ago

Sept. 21, 1995: Danny Tomlinson of Gibson City was convicted of beating up Saybrook Police Chief Madeline Nickum. She had stopped him on suspicion of DUI. Tomlinson, 44, faces a 10-year sentence and possibly more. The chief is still suffering after-effects of her injuries.

Compiled by Jack Keefe; jkeefe@coldwellhomes.com.

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100 years ago: $3 million in construction, remodeling set - Bloomington Pantagraph

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a cornerstone treatment for locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). However, its potential effects on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) of PCa patients and the underlying mechanism remain largely unclear. To explore the effects of ADT on PCa TIM, RNA sequencing was performed on six paired pre-ADT biopsy and post-ADT PCa lesions, and five paired paracancerous benign tissues from patients receiving neoadjuvant ADT with locally advanced PCa. Bioinformatics methods including ESTIMATE and ssGSEA were used to evaluate the stromal immune score and immune cell infiltration in PCa and paracancerous tissues. Weighted correlation network analysis was used to screen hub genes in the ADT-induced immune remodeling process. The results showed differences exist between PCa and paracancerous tissues in response to ADT. Compared with paracancerous tissues, the immune remodeling effect of ADT in PCa was more intense. ZFP36, JUNB, and SOCS3 served as hub genes in the ADT-induced immune remodeling process and were associated with PSA recurrent-free survival in the TCGA and our neoadjuvant ADT cohort. To investigate the joint action of the above three hub genes, an immune signature score was constructed. The results showed that immune signature score-based immune subtypes reveal the heterogeneity of the immune microenvironment of PCa and showed significant differences in patient prognosis, tumor immune infiltration, mutation burden, and landscape.

Cell death & disease. 2020 Sep 19*** epublish ***

Xingbo Long, Huimin Hou, Xuan Wang, Shengjie Liu, Tongxiang Diao, Shicong Lai, Maolin Hu, Shengqi Zhang, Ming Liu, Hong Zhang

Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, No 1, Dongdan Dahua Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China., Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No. 9, Dongdan Sanjiao Alley, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100001, China., Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, No 1, Dongdan Dahua Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China. ., Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China. .

PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32951005

Originally posted here:
Immune signature driven by ADT-induced immune microenvironment remodeling in prostate cancer is correlated with recurrence-free survival and immune...