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Though the Bay Area has some of the nations wealthiest communities, its also home to dozens of high-poverty neighborhoods that have been hit hard by rising housing costs.

With two exceptions, the regions 10 poorest neighborhoods all are in the East Bay. On average, nearly 52 percent of residents in these neighborhoods earned less than 200 percent of the poverty threshold, the measure we chose as the basis for our analysis to account for the regions high cost of living. For a family of four, that was $50,188 in 2017, the most recent data available by ZIP code.

By comparison, just 21 percent of residents in the nine-county Bay Area and Santa Cruz fall below that mark.

Oakland has the largest share of the Bay Areas 10 poorest neighborhoods, with six ZIP codes on the list. Richmond has one. The areas surrounding Watsonvilles Municipal Airport and San Joses 95110 ZIP code encompassing Guadalupe River Park and that citys airport are the only ones on the list that arent in the East Bay.

At the top of the list is Berkeleys 94704, which surrounds U.C. Berkeley on its western and southern side. There, more than 67 percent of residents live below 200 percent of the poverty level, largely due to the high population of students.

In these poorest 10 ZIP codes, housing costs increased more than they did in the rest of the Bay Area. Between 2012 and fall of 2019, median mortgage payments increased on average nearly 56 percent among all Bay Area ZIP codes. But among the 10 highest poverty ZIP codes, they rose 105 percent.

The full Price We Pay series on the Bay Areas housing crisis is available to subscribers here. Not a subscriber? For a special offer that includes unlimited access to the series and our websites, click here for The Mercury News or here for the East Bay Times.

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The Bay Areas 10 poorest neighborhoods - The Mercury News

Although the launch of fifth-generation technology by major networks has led to faster speeds for users and increases the efficiency of larger machines and platforms, this upgrade has only been rolled out in large cities. Many communities in America including Charlottesville do not have access to this feature, and may not gain access in the near future, further contributing to the digital divide. This divide refers to unequal access to forms of technology and communication among marginalized communities.

Cong Shen, assistant electrical and computer engineering professor at the School of Engineering, along with his research group are working to optimize communication and energy efficiency of 5G and future generations. Additionally, Assoc. Media Studies Prof. Christopher Ali analyzes the implications of this technology for rural populations in the United States.

The fifth-generation network, or 5G, is a wireless platform that increases connection speeds and uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Third parties and industry partners developed this technology around 2014-2015, and the first commercial rollout followed in 2019.

We are talking about a wireless system that would be able to for instance bring high-speed wireless into your house at speeds that are probably ten to a hundred times more than what you are getting right now, said Ali. This uses a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which can transfer a greater amount of data, a greater amount of bandwidth.

5G speeds are 10 to 100 times faster than their current rates. These advancements are due to the use of a different part of the electromagnetic spectrum which can transfer a greater bandwidth.

The architecture of 5G distinguishes it from previous generations. Ali mentioned the use of massive towers to transfer strong signals across dozens of miles in 4G network. However, he stated that 5G replaces the use of towers with wireless small cells every 500 feet. Small cells or signal retransmission tools are close in size to picnic coolers and are mounted to buildings, street lights, and other structures. They improve transfer speeds and coverage especially in densely populated areas such as cities.

According to Shen, 5G also reduces latency delays. Latency refers to the time between transmitting and receiving a signal. It was prominent in 4G and 3G but has been drastically reduced to a single digit millisecond in the 5G model.

5G is distinguished from other generations of connectivity because of its design for home assistant devices and larger machines such as automated work in factories. Ali mentioned that replacing wired connection with 5G can be beneficial for gadgets that require constant data streaming, such as autonomous vehicles. Furthermore, Shen said that 5G could lead to major innovations in rescue missions following natural disasters.

If you have an earthquake or natural disaster like a tsunami when the infrastructure of a 4G is down, 5G has a mode where if someone elses device is still working they can talk peer-to-peer and form an ad hoc network so that people can exchange information, Shen said.

According to Engineering graduate student Chengshuai Shi, 5G is predicted to bring novel changes to other forms of technology including virtual reality and augmented reality. Ultimately, machinery requiring large data transmission will benefit the most from its design.

Generally speaking, it may form a new way for us to interact with each other and the world, just like 4G and 3G have already changed the ways that we communicate and entertain, Shi wrote. However, it will also take a long way and [will require] developments in other fields for us to get there.

According to Shen, the United States, China, South Korea and other Europen countries have adopted the use of 5G. The initial rollout of the new generation began among wealthy urban populations. The high population density of cities such as San Francisco and New York City makes the use and optimization of 5G economically favorable.

One of the major challenges regarding the launch of 5G has been reaching rural communities in America. Alis research focuses on the promises of large companies to reach these populations. He mentioned that parties such as T-Mobile and Sprint have promised to bring 5G to these regions. Their model is designed to transmit signals further through the use of frequencies with low bandwidth. However, this results in speeds equivalent to 4G networks.

Ali also stated that the population sizes of these communities make the addition of small cells every 500 feet for 5G connection very problematic. Ultimately, it contributes to the absence of 5G in rural areas.

There is no way this is going to work in rural America, Ali said. There are just not enough people, and the communities are way too sparsely populated. 5G is a myth for rural America. It is decades away.

Ali and Shen project that 5G will take some time before coming to Charlottesville. Ali believes that economic disadvantages decrease the likelihood of bringing 5G to the area. In fact, he anticipates that it will take 5 to 10 years before companies such as AT&T place signal repeaters around the city. On the other hand, Shen anticipates that 5G may come to Charlottesville by 2020. He mentioned that companies will have to overcome difficulties associated with the geographical terrain of Charlottesville.

The Charlottesville area, in general, is very difficult to wire because of all the surrounding hills and environments, Shen said. It is a challenging situation for wireless and that requires a lot of effort from operators.

Although 5G has increased speeds and connectivity of larger machines, there are many aspects of the technology that must be altered. Shen mentioned that the new model is not environmentally friendly. Each 5G base station consumes at least five times more energy than 4G. One of his primary research topics includes reducing power consumption associated with 5G. He also focuses on introducing machine learning and artificial intelligence into future generations.

Ali also expressed 5Gs need for a fiber-optic backhaul. Furthermore, he believes rural areas can achieve better connection through wired technology. He fears that communities will solely focus on bringing 5G to their district instead of implementing fiber-optic technology to bring high-speed internet and connection. Additionally, he suggests that organizations search for other ways to reduce discrepancies in technology access.

We have to remember that America is poorly connected even without 5G, so its not like 5G is going to magically solve the digital divide, Ali said. I would love to see more of our efforts being put into connecting rural America, tribal America, low-income America and minority America.

Originally posted here:

Launch of 5G connects and disconnects communities - University of Virginia The Cavalier Daily

Long before Hank Aaron slammed 755 career home runs, he was a teenage Negro League shortstop earning $200 a month, playing at places like Bush Stadium in Indianapolis.

And before he was a Milwaukee Brave, much less an Atlanta Brave, he was a Jacksonville Brave in Florida, starring at ball parks like the Capital City Stadium in Columbia, S.C.

These days, 30s-era Bush Stadium is still around, serving as a thriving residential complex. The 92-year-old Capital Stadium faces the wrecking ball.

Such are the varied fates of abandoned minor league stadiums. The latest such uncertainty is playing out in Aarons native Mobile, at a relatively young ballpark with Hammerin Hanks name attached to it.

The Hank has a long life left, said Danny Corte, executive director of the Mobile Sports Authority. We have to rethink what were doing with it.

Hank Aaron Stadium, which housed the Class AA-affiliated BayBears of the Southern League for 22 years, was abandoned at the end of the 2019 season. The BayBears have since been relocated to Madison where theyve been rebranded as the Rocket City Trash Pandas.

The Mobile City Council will decide Tuesday whether to go ahead with a temporary two-year solution of allowing a Mobile-based group to proceed with operating the stadium for a mix of high school and collegiate baseball games as well as entertainment such as holiday light shows, cooking competitions and concerts.

A competing proposal, pitched by a group in Mississippi headed up by Biloxi Shuckers co-owner Timothy Bennett, promises to lure a non-affiliated professional baseball team form the Atlantic League by 2021. That plan, however, is not on the councils agenda Tuesday.

Regardless of which direction the council goes, questions swirl about the long-term prospects for The Hank. What comes next is as big of a mystery as guessing who might win the World Series in 2020.

For starters, the city doesnt even own the land upon which the stadium sits. A complicated land-use agreement signed in 1996 requires that a Class AA or higher-affiliated team play at the stadium, or that it be given over to public entertainment.

Huntsvilles approach

Joe Davis Stadium, home to the Class AA-affiliated Huntsville Stars from 1985-2014, is an abandoned ballpark in 2019. Efforts are underway to repurpose the stadium into a mixed-use sports development. (file photo).

Sports economists say that, for all practical purposes, empty baseball stadiums have very limited reuses. And the uses currently pitched for Hank Aaron Stadium typically are not long-term solutions, they say.

The problem facing Mobile is that baseball stadiums are not really good for much except watching baseball, said Victor Matheson, a sports economist at the College of Holy Cross in Worchester, Mass. They are a very odd shape, which means its not great for concerts. Its terrible for every other sporting event except for baseball.

The conversations in Mobile are not dissimilar to what has occurred in Huntsville for the past five years as city officials grappled over what to do with deteriorating Joe Davis Stadium. The stadium once was the home to the Class AA-affiliated Huntsville Stars before they were relocated to Biloxi to become the Shuckers in 2014.

Huntsville officials believe they finally have a plan that will prevent the city from having to fork out $800,000 to demolish the stadium. Under the plan, Huntsville is moving forward with repurposing Joe Davis Stadium into a multi-use football, soccer and lacrosse venue.

Huntsville City Administrator John Hamilton said idea of the project is to develop a stadium that can accommodate high school football games. Right now, five Huntsville city high schools utilize two stadiums Milton Frank Stadium and Louis Crews Stadium at Alabama A&M University.

If all five teams have a home game during the same week, scheduling is really a challenge, said Hamilton.

Renderings of Joe Davis Stadium improvements.

The reconfigured stadium, Hamilton said, will allow the city to attract other sporting events that otherwise could not play inside a minor league ballpark. He said the renovated stadium could put the city in place to attract minor league soccer.

The project is estimated to cost $8 million to $10 million, which would be paid with capital funds. The costs could go up, Hamilton said, if more extensive renovations are needed. An engineers estimate is expected within the next three months.

The challenge with a baseball stadium, and particularly a baseball field, is that its a single-use facility, said Hamilton. Baseball is used for 70 home games a year. The rest of the year, it sits dark. With football, soccer and lacrosse, its used a lot more days out of the year. Our community will be using that facility and getting a quality of life value out of it.

Obsolete

AP

FILE - In this Nov. 21, 2019, file photo, baseball commissioner Rob Manfred speaks to the media at the owners meeting in Arlington, Texas. Major League Baseball is pushing a proposal to whack 42 teams _ and several entire leagues _ from its vast network of minor-league affiliates that bring the game to every corner of country. (AP Photo/LM Otero)

The list of abandoned sports parks is growing across the nation. The website Baseball Pilgrimages accounted for 92 abandoned ballparks between 1999-2015, with the overwhelming majority being minor league stadiums. Of those, only 70% were still standing in 2015; the rest had already been demolished.

More stadiums could meet the same fate, and soon. The leagues owners are targeting 42 minor league teams for elimination in order to streamline player development, improve facilities and ease travel burdens and improve working conditions for prospects who are most likely to reach the big leagues.

For every team lost, MLB vows to work with cities in providing college summer leagues, or last-chance independent pro teams.

If they are looking at changing the structure of Minor League Baseball where these small market (stadiums) are used predominately by one team, this could become a bigger and bigger problem, said Amanda Ross, associate professor economics at the University of Alabama. This is something people have to start thinking about nationwide.

The concern has captured the attention of Congress. Last month 104 members of Congress signed a bipartisan letter to MLB Commissioner Rob Manfred urging him to reconsider the radical contraction proposal.

Three Alabama lawmakers Republican Reps. Mike Rogers and Robert Aderholt and Democratic Rep. Terri Sewell all signed the letter. None of the teams slated for contraction are located in Alabama, but two are within the Southern League the Chattanooga Lookouts and Jackson (Tenn.) Generals. Alabama is home to three Class AA-affiliated Southern League Teams: Birmingham Barons, Montgomery Biscuits and the Trash Pandas.

While there are no minor league teams in the 4th district, nearby teams like the Birmingham Barons, Chattanooga Lookouts and the upcoming Rocket City Trash Pandas, all have followings in the district, said Aderholt, in a statement to AL.com. These teams also have an economic impact not only on the city where they are located, but also surrounding communities.

Rogers, in a statement, said that MLBs proposal is concerning.

With the Montgomery Biscuits and the Birmingham Barons both close to the Third District, I was happy to sign a letter supporting Minor League teams as each of these teams provides an economic impact for the area as well as providing entertainment for folks across East Alabama, he said.

AP

FILE - In this April 4, 2019, file photo, fans watch the Chattanooga Lookouts play the Montgomery Biscuits at AT&T Field in Chattanooga, Tenn. Major League Baseball is pushing a proposal to whack 42 teams _ and several entire leagues _ from its vast network of minor-league affiliates that bring the game to every corner of country. That includes Chattanooga, Tennessee, home of the Double-A Lookouts and a city where professional baseball was first played in 1885. (C.B. Schmelter/Chattanooga Times Free Press via AP, File)

In Mobile, luring another Minor League Baseball team isnt part of any immediate plans either with a new stadium or major upgrades to Hank Aaron Stadium. In Chattanooga, for instance, the teams co-owner is pitching a plan for a new baseball stadium as a counteroffensive to MLBs contraction plan, according to media reports. The Lookouts currently play baseball inside the 19-year-old AT&T Stadium.

Matheson said he can see existing minor league stadiums many which are far from being considered old -- becoming economically obsolete before they are physically obsolete.

There is a real question whether minor league baseball teams can fill up the stands without (Major League) affiliation, Matheson said. There is a question on whether they can fill up the stands for the next 10 to 30 years even with affiliation. There simply are not many 12 or 13 year olds who say baseball is my favorite thing. If they arent football fans, they are likely to be basketball fans and if they are not basketball fans, they are more likely soccer fans. Somewhere down the line they are baseball fans. How much minor league baseball are we going to have in the future?

Demolition avoidance

Success stories with abandoned stadiums also are rare, said Matheson. Even rarer is the likelihood of an aging stadium luring another minor league team that is affiliated with Major League Baseball.

Reuses have varied among the ballparks abandoned nationwide, according to the Baseball Pilgrimages website: 17 were used by collegiate teams, 14 were vacant, 11 were used by amateur/youth teams, 8 were used by other sports, etc.

The normal, best-case scenario is to turn the stadium over to a local college or summer collegiate team for a nominal or nothing fee, with the tenant taking over the operations and day-to-day upkeep, so that theres still somebody using the stadium (so a community benefit is realized) and the city/state has their financial burden for it lessened, said Graham Knight, who operates the website, and who has visited over 200 ballparks.

In Mobile, the Mobile Sports & Entertainment Group (MSEG) is proposing to pay for all the maintenance and utility costs associated with Hank Aaron Stadium for the next two years. That proposal appeals to Mobile Mayor Sandy Stimpsons administration, which has endorsed MSEGs plan over the proposal pitched by Bennetts group.

Ari Rosenbaum, president of Mobile Sports & Entertainment Group, speaks before Mobile city council members on Monday, Dec. 2, 2019, at Government Plaza in downtown Mobile, Ala. (John Sharp/jsharp@al.com).

Ari Rosenbaum, president of MSEG, has said that Hank Aaron Stadium will be used for high school games starting in February. Hes also said that his group is committed to bringing professional baseball back to Mobile, but admits there is no timetable for that.

Some council members, such as Councilwoman Bess Rich, believe MSEGs plan is more community focused. But sports economists like Matheson, said the reality of a minor league stadium is that its simply too big to be a community events center. Hank Aaron Stadium, for example, has a capacity to hold up to 6,000 people.

These things do go back to the community, but the community generally doesnt find it useful and maybe sometime down the road, someone says, Lets reclaim this land for another purpose, said Matheson.

Demolition projects are often avoided. Tearing down a stadium can be costly and emotional:

In Mobile, demolishing Hank Aaron Stadium is considered a non-starter for some council members. As Councilman Fred Richardson said on Tuesday, If we destroy the stadium, we are destroying the legacy of Hank Aaron and I am not for that.

Matheson said that emotional attachment and/or nostalgia, is a powerful force, and has led to some redevelopment projects in Dyersville, Iowa, for instance, Major League Baseball is developing an 8,000-seat stadium near the popular filming site for the 1989 movie, Field of Dreams.

Historic Rickwood Field in Birmingham, Ala. (Josh Bean | jbean@al.com)

In Birmingham, the 109-year-old city-owned Rickwood Field has been upgraded and featured in movies such as Cobb in 1994, and 42 in 2013. A 40-member board Friends of Rickwood Field are in charge of maintaining the day-to-day operations of an ancient field billed as Americas Oldest Ballpark that is now used for high school and college games.

Outside Hank Aaron Stadium is Aarons childhood home that has served as a museum since 2010. Both proposals for the stadium include continued use of the stadium, and the MSEG plan wants to host a 10-year anniversary celebration of the homes relocation to the ballpark site next spring.

Stadium Lofts

But nostalgia over a ballpark doesnt have to include baseball.

Ross, the associate professor at the University of Alabama, said the historical elements of a stadium can be integrated into alternative designs.

There are ways a happy medium can be met, said Ross, pointing out the example in Indianapolis where Bush Stadium was redeveloped into more than 138-loft apartments in 2013.

There is a situation where you are holding onto the emotional attachment but are still making it profitable, said Ross. (Indianapolis) was one of the more successful remodels in the U.S. in how they take a stadium and repurpose it into apartments or something useable.

The project in Indianapolis almost didnt happen, said Marsh Davis, the longtime president of Indiana Landmarks.

The stadium had been vacant since 1996, and was in disrepair by 2010. Between 2008 to 2011, the stadium was a storage site for cars as part of the federal governments Cash for Clunkers program, in what Davis called a low chapter for the stadium.

Bush was vacant, and there was no plan for it, said Davis, who assisted the developer John Watson of Core Construction -- in pitching the loft project to a committee. It was a last-ditch effort to save the stadium.

Davis recalled, I asked the committee, Would you allow us to give a presentation? They allowed us. I talked about the history of the ballpark and John dusted off old plans to convert it into residential property. John looked at me and said, This is a waste of time. They have their minds made up. They hadnt. They liked the plan. And now its Stadium Lofts apartments.

The city funded $5 million of a $13 million renovation project that incorporates ticket windows as closets and 1960s-era stadium seating is in the lobby. Much of the complex faces the stadiums infield.

Ive had people criticize me for supporting the project, said Davis. The (baseball) purists are those who say that a ballpark needs to be a ballpark. But it aint a ballpark anymore. This has been a creative solution that has revitalized that part of the city and brought people living there. Its had a huge, positive impact.

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Take me out to the (abandoned) ballpark: Whats next for languishing stadiums? - AL.com

BILOXI, Miss. (AP) His mobile home was rotting around him and Johnny C. Owens had no money for repairs.

The Vietnam veteran had been living alone for eight years in the woods of South Alabama. Although he was no longer drinking, his old enemy depression had beaten him down.

Suicide seemed like the only way out. A couple of friends had killed themselves, but he didn't want to leave a mess in his bedroom like one of them did. So he practiced outdoors with his shotgun.

Then one day, he picked up a card that had been laying around. It was for a veterans' crisis line. He called.

The crisis line connected him with services offered through the Gulf Coast Veterans Healthcare System, which stretches from Hancock County to Panama City, Fla.

The VA determined Owens was essentially homeless. Before long, two men from the nonprofit group Soldier On showed up at his trailer, packed up his belongings and moved him to an apartment in Biloxi, where he has lived for five years.

"I started on my way up," said Owens, 77. "I'm doing good now. I've got some good people around me."

The safety net that caught Owens has for four years in a row housed every homeless veteran who wanted a home. The homeless rate for Coast veterans is "functional zero," a standard few communities in the United States have achieved.

It means South Mississippi has enough beds available for homeless veterans who want them.

This has been no small feat. In its first year of success, 2015, the veterans program housed 276 veterans. Success followed each year, with 147 veterans housed in 2018. With fewer veterans to house, the VA has more time to spend on prevention.

"If somebody is a veteran who is homeless, it is his decision to be homeless," said Judy Hearn Cottrell, who has worked with the homeless for 10 years, most recently as pastoral director of Seashore Mission in Biloxi. "I don't see any veterans on the street who are homeless unless they elect to be."

Further, the employment rate for veterans in supportive housing who can work was 90.83 percent for fiscal year 2018-19, the second highest in the nation.

The VA has achieved its success by working with community partners through the Open Doors Homeless Coalition, a nonprofit organization based in Gulfport that has more than 50 member agencies focused on a variety of services.

Under Executive Director Mary Simons, the ODHC is focused on ending homelessness not just for veterans but for all of South Mississippi.

"What we have found was that there were lots and lots of people, veterans included, falling through the cracks because the assistance was siloed," Simons said. "What we noticed was, if we were going to end anything, we needed to know what we were ending.

"We needed to know all the services being provided. We needed to break down those silos. Now, we couldn't imagine any other way of doing it or how we would manage without these partnerships."

The ODHC works off a database of the homeless, built through surveys that member organizations began conducting in 2015 while counting the homeless population annually through the U.S. Housing and Urban Development's Point in Time count.

The survey specifically asked about veteran status, health-related problems, services needed and other issues so that respondents could be linked to available community services.

Veterans were a priority, but the ODHC and its members are applying lessons learned to the larger homeless population.

Performance measures show 96 percent of Gulf Coast service area veterans stay in a home while enrolled in the supportive housing program. Two years after discharge, only 10 percent return to homelessness, Simons said.

"We are one of the few communities that has sustained an end to veteran homelessness," she said, "and that is a result of the community partners doing this work."

" . . . We certainly don't want to leave anyone behind. The lessons we're learning from an end to veteran homelessness we're applying to other things."

Owens isn't flourishing only because he secured an apartment through the partnership between the VA and HUD, which supplies housing vouchers that help qualified applicants with rent. A support system surrounded him and continues to be there for him.

The VA's supportive housing program provides case management based on an individual's needs, including licensed clinical social workers, registered nurses, budgeting classes, peer support specialists, and drug and alcohol rehabilitation.

Community partners working with the VA include ODHC members Back Bay Mission in Biloxi, the Hancock County Resource Center and Oak Arbor based in Hattiesburg.

Veterans in the HUD-Veterans Assistance Supportive Housing program go through phases of case management, said Jodie Picciano-Swanson, Homeless Program manager for the Gulf Coast VA.

The veterans start with a two-week orientation that teaches them everything from getting along with neighbors to managing their money. Some veterans have no income when they enter the program.

The VA works with them to find and enroll for any benefits to which they might be entitled, including Social Security and service-connected benefits such as health care.

The assistance he received, and the friends he's met along the way, have made all the difference for Owens.

He had previously cycled through drug and alcohol rehabilitation and psychiatric units.

Owens said his problems seemed to start as soon as he stepped off the airplane in 1964 on his return from 14 months' service in the Air Force as a member of the First Communications Group during the Vietnam War.

He doesn't think of himself as a hero, not at all. Instead, he said, he gives all the credit to those who were engaged directly in combat.

"I just felt guilty," he said. "Why should I be back and not them?"

During the war, he discovered alcohol and drugs, which were cheap and plentiful. He continued to drink when he returned home. He worked for less than two years at Keesler, where he taught math, electronics and communications.

His family came with him, but the drinking eventually chased off his wife and two children. After an honorable discharge, he wound up homeless and without work. He said he rode freight trains all over the country.

His family in Alabama didn't want him around and he didn't want to be around them, either. He eventually settled in that trailer in the woods.

His depression became unmanageable after both his parents died, he said.

"I just didn't care about life anymore," he said. "Depression got me good. That depression is fierce."

His apartment and supportive services saved him. He has made friends through the VA and still attends a veterans support group weekly. He also has friends and neighbors in his Biloxi apartment complex off Pass Road.

They share meals and good times. And he's back on speaking terms with his family, proudly displaying pictures of their get togethers in his apartment.

He loves to cook and enjoys reading about astrophysics, theoretical physics, astronomy and philosophy.

"I've got some special people around me," he said. Oh, man!

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Group helps Vietnam vet find new life on the Coast - The Edwardsville Intelligencer

By Ally Tobler, Capital News Service

Tap water at the majority of Maryland utilities, or public water systems, had levels of contaminants that exceeded health guidelines established by the Environmental Working Group (EWG), a non-profit focused on environmental health issues.

According to EWGs 2019 update, predominant chemicals included nitrates, arsenic, trihalomethanes which includes chloroform among other contaminants.

The EWG published drinking water contamination data for nearly 50,00 community water systems nationwide, including 468 utilities located in Maryland.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) doesnt have a tap water contamination database and doesnt provide any information on specific contaminant levels at water systems. But according to EWG Senior Scientist David Andrews, they should.

Instead, the EPA has a database listing which utilities are not following legal requirements when it comes to safe drinking water, but not the actual testing results showing chemical levels. For these compliance-based violations, the EPA assigns point values to noncompliant utilities based on the severity of the violation.

There are 38 utilities in Maryland with the highest amount of tap water violation points from the EPA. These utilities serve over 2,189,000 residents and have collectively accrued nearly 573 violation points.

Out of the 38 utilities with the highest violation points, 11 are listed as mobile home parks communities. Andrews explained that smaller water systems such as mobile home parks are more likely to have water quality violations compared to larger water systems.

This is often due to resources in terms of source water choice, water treatment and testing, he wrote in an email. Big city water systems will often draw water from upstream, or a protected reservoir if available while smaller systems will get water from a nearby stream or from a well drilled directly down.

Many large water systems, such as the city of Baltimore, draw their water from multiple sources, and people within different parts of the system may get different fractions of water from each source. Baltimore, for example, sources its water from Gunpowder Falls, North Branch Patapsco River and the Susquehanna River.

Graphic: Capital News Service

EWG tests both groundwater and surface water, and either at treatment plants after it is treated or at individual sources.

Many contaminants do not have legal limits defined by the EPA and those that do often havent been updated in recent years. The EWG decided to fill that gap by creating health guidelines based on the latest scientific evidence and health advisories.

High levels of total trihalomethanes (TTHMs for short), a group of contaminants that includes four different chemicals, were found in the majority of utilities in Maryland. The EWG guideline for TTHMs is 0.15 ppb (parts per billion) or less, but the highest amount found was 56.3 ppb, 375 times that guideline. TTHMs are cancer-causing contaminants that are produced during water treatment with chlorine, according to the EWG.

Out of the large utilities that had the most tap water violation points from the EPA, all of them exceeded the EWGs TTHMs concentration guideline. Freedom District in Carroll County had the highest level of contamination at 49.3 ppb. The legal limit for TTHMs is 80 ppb.

TTHMs arent the only carcinogenic contaminants found among tap water in these public water systems. Nitrate, radium, chromium, cadmium and arsenic are also listed as chemicals that can lead to cancer.

Graphic: Capital News Service

Eighty-seven percent of utilities with the most tap water violations had at least one of these cancer-causing contaminants that exceeded EWG health guidelines.

Seventy-three percent of mobile park homes that had a significant amount of tap water violations had nitrate levels above the EWG health guideline. The highest was found at Bohnak Mobile Home Park in Fruitland, Maryland at 8.9 ppm. The legal limit is 10 ppm.

The EPA has failed to update chemical guidelines in recent years, according to the EWG.

[They have] not added a new contaminant to its list of regulated tap water contaminants in nearly 20 years, said Andrews. Yet science continuously advances, allowing us to understand more about how contaminants in drinking water can harm human health, even at low concentrations.

For example, PFOA and PFOS, which are used in many consumer products such as nonstick pans and stain-repellent clothing, are a few of many contaminants that do not have a legal limit set by the EPA. According to the EWG, this contaminant group can cause cancer, hormone disruption, as well as harm to the liver, fetal growth and immune system.

Everyone should be aware of the quality of the water they drink and how that water measures up to rigorous, health-based standards, said Andrews.

An EPA spokesperson outlined the process for adding to the regulated contaminants list. Under the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act, the agency is required to issue contaminant candidate lists, collect information on the occurrence of unregulated contaminants in drinking water, and make determinations on whether or not to regulate contaminants. This occurs on a five-year cycle.

EPA reviews existing national primary drinking water regulations and, as appropriate, revises them to improve public health protection, said the spokesperson.

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Maryland Water Systems Found To Contain Worrying Levels Of Nitrate, Arsenic And Other Chemicals, Nonprofit Says - CBS Baltimore

Broderick Johnson

Nearly 20 years ago, President Bill Clinton said, Together we have the power to determine exactly what we want the Internet to become. And what we want it to do is to be an instrument of empowerment, education, enlightenment, and economic advance[ment] and community building all across America, regardless of the race, the income, the geography of our citizens.

Sadly, the Internet has not lived up to these goals, and the digital divide is a reality for too many urban and rural communities across New Yorkincluding those in Rochester. In fact, more than a third of households in Monroe County with an annual income of less than $20,000 do not have access to the internet at home. These inequities exacerbate economic disparities because the Internet is an increasingly essential access point for job hunting, health care, and education. The result is a homework gap for students, persistent health care deserts for rural patients, and a digital divide that we havent been able to closeyet.

But recently, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved the T-Mobile-Sprint merger, helping to clear the path for a new competitor that will drive innovation and consumer benefitsparticularly for underserved consumers.

The joint spectrum portfolios of T-Mobile and Sprint will enable New T-Mobile to significantly accelerate 5G deployment throughout New York, which will force Verizon, AT&T, and other providers to up their investments. It will also create a massive amount of network capacity that will put downward pressure on prices, helping to keep more money in the pockets of lower-income consumers who often depend on wireless service to stay connected. New T-Mobiles plans will drive industry prices down while improving service for everyone.

Following the merger, the company will dedicate itself to putting this massive network capacity to work for good. The new company will work with civil rights leadersNational Urban League, National Action Network, Asian Americans Advancing Justice-AAJC, OCA-Asian Pacific American Advocates, League of United Latin American Citizens, and UNIDOSUS to ensure these benefits reach those most in need. In partnership with these organizations, New T-Mobile committed to significant philanthropic investments in institutions serving disadvantaged or underrepresented communities to support tech entrepreneurship and to bridge the gap in literacy, job training, and participation in the digital economy for communities of color.

The new company also committed to expanding wireless offerings to low-income citizens, underserved populations, and insular and rural areas after the merger. Two such programs were just announced for New T-Mobile after the mergers closeProject 10Million and T-Mobile Connect. Project 10Million aims to end the homework gap by offering free service, hotspots, and low-cost devices to 10 million households and families over five years, and T-Mobile Connect will make wireless more accessible for underserved communities by slashing the price of T-Mobiles current lowest-cost wireless plan in half.

The New T-Mobile will not only help improve New Yorks digital connectivity, it will also support the states economy through its new proposed Customer Experience Centers in the Rochester area and Nassau County, which Gov. Andrew Cuomo himself has praised. The new centers will bring nearly 1,000 new high-quality jobs with good benefits to each area.

But New T-Mobile can only fulfill these commitments if the merger closes. With the next generation of wireless service5Gon the horizon, we can either embrace this major step forward or allow millions of lower-income and rural Americans to fall farther behind. We can and should do betterfor everyone.

Were still a long way from the equity and access envisioned by President Clinton nearly 20 years ago. T-Mobile and Sprint have formally pledged to help close the digital divide in the United States following the merger, and the combined company will have the scale, resources, and culture to ensure that everyone has access to the tools to thrive in todays economy. I urge all of New Yorks leaders to support the merger and bring good jobs, lower prices, and increased broadband access for those who need it most across the state.

Broderick Johnson served as Assistant to the President and Cabinet Secretary under President Barack Obama, Deputy Assistant for Legislative Affairs under President Bill Clinton, and is currently an advisor to Sprint and Senior of Counsel with the law firm Covington & Burling LLP.

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New York needs New T-Mobile to reach communities across the digital divide - Rochester Business Journal

Launching end of January 2020.

Are you working with community health workers? Are you looking for new ways to support and understand their ongoing learning? Then look no further than Boost.

Boost is a mobile phone app and website designed and developed in collaboration with community health workers and peer educators in Southern Africa.

Boost provides easy, up-to-date, visual and interactive materials on HIV and sexual health.

Boost is:

Register to be notified when Boost launches!

Boost is here to give community health workers the resources and support they need to provide high quality care to their clients and communities.

Its also a free tool for organisations working with community health workers to use to support their effectiveness, development and ongoing learning.

By the way when we use the term communityhealthworker we use it to cover individuals in a variety of different roles including peer educators, behaviour change facilitators, community mobilisers,home-based care givers and many, many more.

Here are just some of the features of Boost:

A Facebook group is also available as a companion to Boost.

Register your organisation to access support and extra features

If you register with us, we can include your organisation in the apps drop down organisational menu. This means we can segment the data that is automatically collected by the app, providing your organisation with insights on how often the app is being used, by how many of your community health workers, and what content they find most helpful.

Here are some other benefits that organisations have already identified:

Communityhealth workers support millions of people living with, or at risk of HIV in Southern Africa. They are often peoples first point of contact with the health system.

To play an effective role, communityhealth workers needaccess to up-to-date,clear, accurate and user-friendly information on HIV and AIDS. At the moment there are few ways for communityhealth workers to get this, and many still rely on word of mouth for new information. Boost will be a way of providing health workers with the up-to-date and accessible information and materials that they need.

Boost ultimately aims to improve communityhealth workers ability and effectiveness.

Boost will be free for anyone to use when it launches at the end of January 2020. If you are in Southern Africa and would like to use Boost as an organisational tool for your communityhealth workers then register below. Registering will enable data segmentation for your organisation, and give you access to anonymised data on how Boost is being used by your cohort of communityhealth workers.

By registering you can also send any further questions you have on Boost.

Register now!

Sign up for regular email updates on Boost.

Excerpt from:

Boost a new mobile resource for community health workers - Avert

SANTA BARBARA, Calif. Firefighters struggling with a wind-driven brush fire that has forced thousands from their homes in Santa Barbara County on Tuesday were hoping that a bout of rain from a cold front moving across the state will help bolster their efforts.

The Cave fire broke out Monday afternoon near East Camino Cielo and Painted Cave Road in the Los Padres National Forest. The blaze ignited amid erratic sundowner winds that sent flames rushing downhill toward communities in Santa Barbara and Goleta, spurring evacuations.

Steep, rocky terrain and critically dry grass and brush have stymied firefighters efforts. The fire behavior overnight was so erratic that when the winds gusting up to 50 mph would let up, the blaze would change direction and race back uphill toward firefighters, Los Padres National Forest Fire Chief Jim Harris said.

The Cave fire is burning under some of the toughest firefighting conditions anywhere in the world, he said. Weve experienced several offshore wind events at this point, and that has just dried the fuel bed out to the point where were seeing the fire behavior we saw last night.

The blaze had swelled to 4,262 acres with no containment late Tuesday morning. About 600 firefighters were on scene, defending homes from the advancing flames. Ten fixed-wing tankers and nine helicopters were expected to arrive by midday to aid in the effort, said Santa Barbara County Fire Capt. Daniel Bertucelli.

As the fire grew late Monday, mutual aid started to arrive from neighboring counties to help the local and national forest firefighters. The Ventura County Fire Department sent two strike teams _ about 10 fire engines _ Monday evening, and the Los Angeles County Fire Department sent a Firehawk helicopter, which is capable of performing nighttime water drops.

Engine teams were embedded in neighborhoods to defend homes in the fires path, and bulldozers and hand crews were at work throughout the night digging into the dirt to create containment lines around the perimeter of the blaze.

The fire prompted Santa Barbara County officials to declare a local emergency and request that Gov. Gavin Newsom proclaim a state of emergency for the region. The fire is causing conditions of extreme peril to the safety of persons and property within Santa Barbara County, the county wrote.

About 2,400 homes bordered by East Camino Cielo, Ontare Road, Foothill Road/Cathedral Oaks Road and Fairview Avenue were placed under mandatory evacuation orders. An evacuation warning was issued for the area north of Foothill Road and from Ontare Road east to Gibraltar Road.

Shortly after noon, about 4,000 residents in the far eastern area of the evacuation zone the largest section of displaced homeowners were to be allowed to return. Officials, however, warned that many would be arriving to homes without electricity. Large swaths of Santa Barbara County, including unincorporated areas between Goleta and Santa Barbara, along Highway 154 through Mission Canyon and parts of Summerland and Carpinteria, are experiencing power outages because of the fire.

No injuries have been reported, and no homes have been destroyed, but one outbuilding was damaged, officials said. It was not clear how the blaze started.

Firefighters expect their efforts throughout the day will be made more difficult by significant southwest winds blowing through the region. The fire has chewed through dense, old brush in an area that hasnt burned since the Painted Cave fire in 1990. That fire, which authorities said was the result of arson, destroyed hundreds of homes in the area and caused $250 million in damage. Harris called the area around San Marcos Pass where the winds funnel through the hillsides a nightmare spot for a blaze.

Weve had a lot of fires in Santa Barbara County in the front country over the last 15 years or so, Harris said. This is one of the last slots of old vegetation. Its something weve all talked about for years and years.

Fire crews may be getting some help from Mother Nature by Tuesday evening, when a storm is expected to arrive in the area, Bertucelli said.

Whats working in our favor is were getting rain tonight, he said. Its definitely going to affect our fire behavior. ... Its going to diminish the fire.

The storm, which is expected to drop about an inch of precipitation on the fire area, brings its own challenges in the burn area in the form of possible debris flows. During an early morning briefing, fire officials warned crews to be cautious when the rain started and to have a plan in case roadways were washed out.

Bertucelli said officials were mostly concerned about small rock slides onto Highway 154.

The impending rainstorm was welcome news to residents near the fire.

People say, What about the mudslides? But I believe we need it, said Fred Cortez, standing in his socks on his ash-sprinkled porch in the Blue Skies Mobile Home Park on Tuesday. The night before, Cortez watched as car after car fled the mobile home park. The hillside glowed with a deep orange hue and ash fell like snow on neighborhoods as residents rushed to pack their belongings and leave their homes.

But Cortez decided to stay.

The community was not under a mandatory evacuation order, and Cortez figured that if he really had to leave, police would come into the neighborhood to alert residents. In the meantime, he re-positioned his car so he could leave quickly if needed and began packing some important paperwork and belongings.

Cortez watched the news on his computer until 4 a.m., keeping the window blinds up so he could spot the fire on the mountains outside.

It looked like it would calm down, he said, and then it would flare up again.

Stan Jeffries, 91, was at home with his wife in Santa Barbaras San Vicente Mobile Home Park on Monday afternoon when his daughter called to alert him to the fire. Jeffries walked out onto his street and could see plumes of smoke in the surrounding hillsides.

First we saw smoke, and it wasnt too alarming, he said. As it got darker, you could see the flames, and they began to blossom.

The fire didnt seem to be an immediate threat, but hours later, a neighbor from the mobile home communitys disaster preparedness committee knocked on their door and told them it was time to leave.

The couple left about 2:30 a.m. after packing some blankets and important paperwork. As he sat at the evacuation center early Tuesday, Jeffries said he still wasnt too worried about their home.

I think our committee was a little conservative, he said, but by the time we left, we could see the fire coming down the mountain.

Before the sun rose Tuesday, about 45 people who had evacuated were sleeping in the Goleta Valley Community Center, which had opened as a shelter for displaced residents hours earlier.

Among them was 90-year-old Irene Lamberti, who lives in an unincorporated area of Goleta a few miles from the fire. She first saw smoke when she was driving home from a swim aerobics class on Monday afternoon. She didnt think she would have to evacuate and settled down to watch Antiques Roadshow on television and eat dinner.

I didnt think it was going to affect us, she said.

At about 8 p.m., authorities knocked on the door and told her that people in her neighborhood were evacuating. Lamberti and her husband spent about half an hour grabbing items from around their home and placing them in a small suitcase. They forgot their toothbrushes and her husbands pajamas, she said, but the couple made sure to bring a Japanese embroidery of a geisha that Lamberti had been working on for months.

Our house is like a museum. You cant take everything, she said. I wasnt going to leave that.

Read the original:

Cave fire threatens thousands of homes in Santa Barbara County - GazetteNET

The following break-ins were reported Tuesday to the Robeson County Sheriffs Office:

Antonio McDowell, Hilly Branch Road, Lumberton; Long Leaf Mobile Home Communities, Odum Road, Lumberton; and Clayton Homes, Huggins Road, Lumberton.

The following thefts were reported Tuesday to the Robeson County Sheriffs Office:

Mickey Locklear, Suggs Road, Lumberton; Anita Locklear, N.C. 710 North, Pembroke; Kristie Goins, Path Road, Fairmont; and Timothy Huggins, Mac D Road, Orrum.

Justin Henke, an employee of The Repair Shop at 701 E. Second St. in Lumberton, reported Tuesday to the Lumberton Police Department that he saw someone break in to the business by entering the building through the roof. No items were reported damaged or stolen.

Junior Little, an employee at Littles Garage at 1101 S. Martin Luther King Jr. Drive in Lumberton, reported Tuesday to the Lumberton Police Department that someone stole tools valued at $3,000 from the business.

Jon Hunt, owner of Jon Wayne Home Sales at 3601 E. Elizabethtown Road in Lumberton, reported Tuesday to the Lumberton Police Department that someone stole $110 and an iPhone, valued at $600, from an employee. The iPhone was recovered by police.

Frankie Locklear, of Pearl Street in Lumberton, reported Monday to the Lumberton Police Department that someone broke in to his residence through a bedroom window and stole a pair of Skechers steel-toe boots, valued at $50, and a phone charger, valued at $15.

Youn Sung Soon, an employee at Youngs Beauty Supply at 304 N. Pine St. in Lumberton, reported Monday to the Lumberton Police Department that someone stole a R&B virgin 360 Remy 28-inch wig, valued at $700, from the business.

Original post:

Crime report - The Robesonian

KCUR's Laura Ziegler considers the types of housing in urban, rural and suburban areas that'll need a revamp.

More than 2 million people live in the Kansas City metro, on either side of the state line. They live in urban, suburban and rural communities, and in everything from subsidized apartments to century-old farm homes.

As scientists better understand the impact of climate change, elected officials, city planners and housing advocates are working to design housing that will endure extreme weather.

Housing and community advocates warn that climate change knows no boundaries and if we dont adapt the way were renovating, rehabbing and expanding housing options, were creating unsustainable housing stock and putting our most vulnerable residents at risk.

One group, Metro KC Climate Action Coalition, has recruited 75 municipal leaders, nonprofits and utilities to collaborate on a 10-county comprehensive climate action plan. Mike Kelly, the mayor of Roeland Park, Kansas, and the cofounder of the group, says the coalition hopes to provide options.

We know one size doesnt necessarily fit all, but climate-resilient housing is empowerment, he says.

Here's how climate change is expected to challenge urban, suburban and rural housing in our area.

The urban areas

A Weather Channel analysisranks Kansas City as No. 5 among 25 metro areasthat are most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. The data indicates its urban landscape sees more days with higher temperatures than its suburban and rural neighbors, plus more heavy rain and flooding.

Gloria Ortiz Fisher is the director of the Westside Housing Organization, an agency that provides affordable housing in an urban neighborhood just west of downtown Kansas City, Missouri. She says several days of heavy rains have damaged roofs and windows at their properties, some of them 100 years old.

A window that has a minor crack becomes a flood in your home to the point where you have water on the floor, she says. In the roof, a small leak becomes a major repair. Water is one of the biggest (causes) of damage in a building.

She went on to say water also creates humidity, which can create ... mold.

Its like a tumbling weed, right? Fisher says. (The costs) just keep getting bigger and bigger.

Longer-lasting heat waves also exacerbate what climatologists call the urban heat island effect. Concentrations of steel and pavement absorb and radiate heat, causing temperatures in cities to be 5-10 degrees hotter than in outlying areas.

Looking down the narrow alley between two of her agencys apartment buildings, Fisher says the aging air conditioning units cant take the extra stress.

I can promise you if we have three days of 95 ... were going to get calls all day long," she says.

Extended use of an air conditioner also leads to spikes in utility bills. Already, utility bills in Missouri are up by more than 10% since 2001 an increase that putsKansas City in the top 10 metro areas nationwide in the proportion of household income spent on energy according to the Community Action Agency of Greater Kansas City.

Officials like Gary Shecter, Kansas Citys sustainability coordinator for the Office of Environmental Quality, says the poor and elderly are most at risk.

(You) find a lot of people who dont have air conditioning or have it and dont run it because they cant afford to, Shecter says. And (they live in) the oldest, most dilapidated housing where people are least able to address the issue by making repairs, energy efficiency improvements let alone renewable energy.

Another factor discouraging sustainability in Kansas City's housing market, accroding to Shecter, is the large rental market in Kansas City, particularly in the urban core. Landlords, who pay for capital improvements to their property, frequently don't see the economic return of improving energy efficiency in affordable housing units.

The suburbs

Studies indicate the impact of climate change on suburbs varies widely according to a few things: the region itself, the natural environment and the pressures of development.

As the city of Belton, Missouri, expands, so has its market for manufactured homes.

Home to Richards Gebaur Air Force Base for half a century until its closure in the late 1990s, Belton already had several manufactured home and trailer parks providing military housing. Today, developers are adding new ones for low- to moderate-income residents who want to be about 20 miles south of Kansas City.

Experts say mobile homes and trailers are among the most at risk during severe weather. While the industry has taken measures to stabilize the structures, studies show that residents are still at risk.

Steve Thibadeaux, a Belton home builder, says older units have thin windows, vinyl siding with weak tin or aluminum skirting whatever the home is standing on and sometimes thats not much.

The skirting around the base can be blown off pretty easily which allows wind to get underneath it and lift it, he says.

Significant flooding or severe storms can threaten these unsturdy foundations, which is why Thibadeaux says owners need to anchor the homes to a stable foundation with something that reaches over the roof to the other side.

But if the longer, heavier rains and more severe storms persist, he says even these mitigations will be no match for the falling trees and high winds.

Pay attention to your cities emergency sirens, he says. Dont think youre going to sit in your tub and ride it out because that tub is going in the air.

The rural areas

About 40 miles northwest of Belton, the tiny town of Linwood, Kansas, took a direct hit by a mile-wide, EF-4 tornado in May.

Scientists cant really say whether therell be an increase in tornadoes due to climate change, because tracking of tornadoes is relatively recent and is complicated by changing technology and demographic shifts.

But anecdotally, there were an unusually high number of tornadoes earlier this year, including the one in Linwood.

And it didnt just tear up the bathtub of the Duffin familys home. Dena Duffin said they came up out of the basement into daylight, their home carried right up off its foundation.

The house sat right here, and my sons room on that end. Our bedroom was in the back, and then went back to the side of the back porch and across that way, she described to KCUR earlier this year.

In the center of town, many older homes didnt have a basement. Some 20 folks showed up at the mayors house one of the few in Linwood that had one.

Throughout the month of November, KCUR is taking a hard look at how climate change is affecting (or will affect) the Kansas City metro region.

Laura Ziegler is a community engagement reporter at KCUR 89.3. You can reach her on twitter@laurazigor by email atlauraz@kcur.org.

Read more:

Kansas City Homes Will Have More Leaky Roofs And Higher Electric Bills As Climate Changes - KCUR