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An arborist, tree surgeon, or (less commonly) arboriculturist, is a professional in the practice of arboriculture, which is the cultivation, management, and study of individual trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants in dendrology and horticulture.

Arborists generally focus on the health and safety of individual plants and trees, rather than managing forests (the domains of forestry and silviculture) or harvesting wood. An arborist's scope of work is therefore distinct from that of either a forester or a logger.

To work near power wires either additional training is required for arborists or they need to be Qualified Line Clearance Arborist or Utility Arborists (there may be different terminology for various countries). There is a variety of minimum distances that must be kept from power wires depending on voltage, however the common distance for low voltage lines in urban settings is 10 feet (about 3 metres).[1]

Arborists who climb (as not all do) can use a variety of techniques to ascend into the tree. The least invasive, and most popular technique used is to ascend on rope. There are two common methods of climbing, Single Rope Technique (SRT) and Double Rope Technique (DRT or DdRT). When personal safety is an issue, or the tree is being removed, arborists may use 'spikes', (also known as 'gaffs' or 'spurs') attached to their chainsaw boots with straps to ascend and work. Spikes wound the tree, leaving small holes where each step has been.

An arborist's work may involve very large and complex trees, or ecological communities and their abiotic components in the context of the landscape ecosystem. These may require monitoring and treatment to ensure they are healthy, safe, and suitable to property owners or community standards. This work may include some or all of the following: planting; transplanting; pruning; structural support; preventing, or diagnosing and treating phytopathology or parasitism; preventing or interrupting grazing or predation; installing lightning protection; and removing vegetation deemed as hazardous, an invasive species, a disease vector, or a weed.

Arborists may also plan, consult, write reports and give legal testimony. While some aspects of this work are done on the ground or in an office, much of it is done by arborists who perform tree services and who climb the trees with ropes, harnesses and other equipment. Lifts and cranes may be used too. The work of all arborists is not the same. Some may just provide a consulting service; others may perform climbing, pruning and planting: whilst others may provide a combination of all of these services.[2]

Arborists gain qualifications to practice arboriculture in a variety of ways and some arborists are more qualified than others. Experience working safely and effectively in and around trees is essential. Arborists tend to specialize in one or more disciplines of arboriculture, such as diagnosis and treatment of pests, diseases and nutritional deficiencies in trees, climbing and pruning, cabling and lightning protection, or perhaps consultation and report writing. All these disciplines are related and some arborists are very well experienced in all areas of tree work, but not all arborists have the training or experience to properly practice every discipline.

Arborists choose to pursue formal certification, which is available in some countries and varies somewhat by location. An arborist who holds certification in one or more disciplines may be expected to participate in rigorous continuing education requirements to ensure continuous improvement of skills and techniques.

In Australia arboricultural education and training are streamlined countrywide through a multi-disciplinary vocational education, training, and qualification authority called the Australian Qualifications Framework, which offers varying levels of professional qualification. Government institutions including Technical and Further Education TAFE offer Certificate III or a diploma in arboriculture as well as some universities.[3][4] There are also many private institutions covering similar educational framework in each state.[5][6] Recognition of prior learning is also an option for practicing arborists with 10 or more experience with no prior formal training. It allows them to be assessed and fast track their certification.[7]

In France a qualified arborist must hold a Management of Ornamental Trees certificate, and a qualified arborist climber must hold a Pruning and Care of Trees certificate; both delivered by the French Ministry of Agriculture.[8][9]

In the UK an arborist can gain qualifications up to and including a master's degree. College-based courses include further education qualifications, such as national certificate, national diploma, while higher education courses in arboriculture include foundation degree, bachelor's degree and master's degree.

In the USA a Certified Arborist (CA) is a professional who has over three years of documented and verified experience and has passed a rigorous written test from the International Society of Arboriculture. Other designations include Municipal Specialist, Utility Specialist and Board Certified Master Arborist (BCMA). The USA and Canada also have college-based training which if passed will give the certificate of Qualified Arborist. The Qualified Arborist can then be used to offset partial experience towards the Certified Arborist.

Tree Risk Assessment Qualified credential (TRAQ) designed by the International Society of Arboriculture was launched in 2013. At that time people holding the TRACE credential were transferred over to the TRAQ credential.

In Canada there are provincially governed apprenticeship programs that allow arborists' to work near power lines upon completion. These apprenticeship program have to meet the provincial regulations (for example in BC WorkSafeBC G19.30), and individuals must ensure they meet the requirements of the owner of the power system.

Trees in urban landscape settings are often subject to disturbances, whether human or natural, both above and below ground. They may require care to improve their chances of survival following damage from either biotic or abiotic causes. Arborists can provide appropriate solutions, such as pruning trees for health and good structure, for aesthetic reasons, and to permit people to walk under them (a technique often referred to as "crown raising"), or to keep them away from wires, fences and buildings (a technique referred to as "crown reduction").[10] Timing and methods of treatment depend on the species of tree and the purpose of the work. To determine the best practices, a thorough knowledge of local species and environments is essential.

There can be a vast difference between the techniques and practices of professional arborists and those of inadequately trained tree workers who simply "trim trees". Some commonly offered "services" are considered unacceptable by modern arboricultural standards and may seriously damage, disfigure, weaken, or even kill trees. One such example is tree topping, lopping, or "hat-racking", where entire tops of trees or main stems are removed, generally by cross-cutting the main stem(s) or leaders, leaving large unsightly stubs. Trees that manage to survive such treatment are left prone to a spectrum of detrimental effects, including vigorous but weakly attached regrowth, pest susceptibility, pathogen intrusion, and internal decay.[citation needed]

Pruning should only be done with a specific purpose in mind. Every cut is a wound, and every leaf lost is removal of some photosynthetic potential. Proper pruning can be helpful in many ways, but should always be done with the minimum amount of live tissue removed.[citation needed]

In recent years, research has proven that wound dressings such as paint, tar or other coverings are unnecessary and may harm trees. The coverings may encourage growth of decay-causing fungi. Proper pruning, by cutting through branches at the right location, can do more to limit decay than wound dressing.[citation needed]

Chemicals can be applied to trees for insect or disease control through soil application, stem injections or spraying. Compacted or disturbed soils can be improved in various ways.[citation needed]

Arborists can also assess trees to determine the health, structure, safety or feasibility within a landscape and in proximity to humans. Modern arboriculture has progressed in technology and sophistication from practices of the past. Many current practices are based on knowledge gained through recent research, including that of the late Alex Shigo, considered one "father" of modern arboriculture.[11]

Depending on the jurisdiction, there may be a number of legal issues surrounding the practices of arborists, including boundary issues, public safety issues, "heritage" trees of community value; and "neighbor" issues such as ownership, obstruction of views, impacts of roots crossing boundaries, nuisance problems, disease or insect quarantines, and safety of nearby trees.

Arborists are frequently consulted to establish the factual basis of disputes involving trees, or by private property owners seeking to avoid legal liability through the duty of care.[12] Arborists may be asked to assess the value of a tree[13] in the process of an insurance claim for trees damaged or destroyed,[14] or to recover damages resulting from tree theft or vandalism.[15] In cities with tree preservation orders an arborist's evaluation of tree hazard may be required before a property owner may remove a tree, or to assure the protection of trees in development plans and during construction operations. Carrying out work on protected trees and hedges is illegal without express permission from local authorities,[16] and can result in legal action including fines.[17] Homeowners who have entered into contracts with a homeowner's association (see also Restrictive covenants) may need an arborist's professional opinion of a hazardous condition prior to removing a tree, or may be obligated to assure the protection of the views of neighboring properties prior to planting a tree or in the course of pruning.[18] Arborists may be consulted in forensic investigations where the evidence of a crime can be determined within the growth rings of a tree, for example. Arborists may be engaged by one member of a dispute in order to identify factual information about trees useful to that member of the dispute, or they can be engaged as an expert witness providing unbiased scientific knowledge in a court case. Homeowners associations seeking to write restrictive covenants, or legislative bodies seeking to write laws involving trees, may seek the counsel of arborists in order to avoid future difficulties.[19]

Before undertaking works in the UK, arborists have a legal responsibility to survey trees for wildlife, especially bats, which are afforded particular legal protection. In addition, any tree in the UK can be covered by a tree preservation order and it is illegal to conduct any work on a tree, including deadwooding or pruning, before permission has been sought from the local council.

The protagonist in Italo Calvino's novel The Baron in the Trees lives life on the ground as a boy and spends the rest of his life swinging from tree to tree in the Italian countryside. As a young man he helps the local fruit farmers by pruning their trees.

Some noteworthy arborists include:

An arborist spurless climbing to prune a tree Australia

An Oregon arborist providing a slideshow presentation about tree care and pruning at a garden show in Portland, Oregon

Friendship Oak on the campus of Southeastern Louisiana University is hundreds of years old. Like other mature spreading oaks, Friendship Oak is maintained by arborists to prevent the limbs from growing into the ground.

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New Haven Countys Premier Tree Removal Company

Precision Cutting Services is a full service tree removal company and landscape provider known for its innovation, craftsmanship and service. Our goal is to deliver aesthetically pleasing, environmentally responsible landscape solutions to meet the needs of our customers. We recognize that every project is not the same and every customer has individual goals when it comes to the development and care of their landscape. We take the time to understand your needs and customize a solution to make your vision a reality.

Successful projects are realized by a strong knowledgeable team. At Precision Cutting Services our strength is our people and that makes us the best choice as your landscape service provider. With over 20 years of combined knowledge in Design, Installation, Tree Service, Lawn and Plant Health Care, and Maintenance, PCS brings a wealth of experience to every project. We are passionate about what we do and approach each project with the creativity and energy to bring it to life. Whether it is a corporate campus or an intimate garden for your home, we deliver quality installation and maintenance services for all of your landscape needs.

Precision Cutting Services is a locally owned and operated, full-service and comprehensive landscaping company with our primary office located in New Haven, CT. Our locations are ideal for being able to service commercial and residential developments throughout New Haven County.

New Haven CT, East Haven CT, West Haven CT, North Haven CT, Branford CT, North Branford CT, Milford CT, Orange CT, Woodbridge CT, Bethany CT, Guilford CT, Madison CT, and surrounding towns.

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Precision Tree Cutting Services | New Haven County Tree ...

We'll show you how to do a tree stump removal. Use potassium nitrate stump remover to decompose old stumps.

Cut off as much of the top of the stump as possible. Using a 1-in. spade bit with a spade bit extension, drill 1-in. holes around the perimeter of the stump about 12 in. deep and 3 to 4 in. back from the edge. Drill more holes 3 to 4 in. down from the rim at a 45-degree angle to connect with the other holes. Theyll provide vent holes for burning or help the rotting process.

Pour 3 to 4 oz. of tree stump removal chemicals into each of the holes as you learn how to kill a tree stump and fill them with water. The process takes four to six weeks.

You can remove a stump by renting a power stump grinder, but another way is to buy a can of tree stump removal (available at most garden or home centers). Most tree stump killer brands are made of powdered potassium nitrate, which speeds up the rotting process. You simply pour the granules into drilled holes and fill the holes with water. The stump will become pretty spongy after four to six weeks. Keep kids and pets away. Then you can break out the rotten wood with an ax.

For a completely labor-free removal, the manufacturers of tree stump removal suggest burning out whats left of the stump by pouring kerosene or fuel oil (never gasoline) into the holes. Wait until the liquid completely penetrates the wood (this could take a few weeks). Then drop a match into the holes to start the burning process. The stump removal will smolder for days, eventually leaving a charcoal-filled hole. Its dangerous having a giant, smoldering ember in your yard, so some precautions are in order. Envelop the stump in chicken wire, remove all leaves from the vicinity before ignition and keep an eye on it!

We suggest the ax method for finishing the job. Tree stump removal works only on seasoned (older) stumps that have been dead for a year or so, not freshly cut tree stumps.

Have the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start youll save time and frustration.

Avoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of time. Heres a list.

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How to Remove a Tree Stump Painlessly - Family Handyman

Trees can be beautiful pieces in a home. Although they are great additions to a property and may offer environmental benefits, sometimes they can grow too much and may pose a hazard or risks to the homeowners. There are other cases when trees grow on top of roofs or get entangled in power lines. It is in these situations that removing a tree from your property becomes necessary.However, tree removal can prove to be very costly. Hiring the services of a tree removal service provider can be expensive. On the other hand, attempting to remove the tree by yourself can be very dangerous and may end up being more expensive than hiring someone professional to do the job for you.

There are some situations wherein trees can be removed for free. If you need a tree to be removed from your yard but you dont want to spend a lot, there is one option you can try. Here are a few steps on how to get trees removed for free.

Some trees are part of a city, state or federal program. There are some areas that have received grants for planting and maintaining trees for beautification and air quality programs. Check with your local cooperative extension office to see if your trees are included in these programs and to learn about those kinds of programs in your area. You may also inquire at your city hall or at a forest service office that is in charge of your area. If the trees are near the street, they most likely do belong to a program of some sort and they are most likely owned by the city. If they are owned by the city, they will be removed at no charge, if it is necessary.

You may post ads up to advertise free wood for anyone who is willing to cut it up and haul it for their own use. Posting this up around your city, in stores, Laundromats or even online bulletin boards, may help you get someone who is interested to cut it. Many want to heat or repair their homes with wood and they may be glad to get free wood in exchange for their efforts for cutting the tree.

If the tree in question is entangled in power lines or sewage lines, you can call the power or sewer company to remove it for free. Most of them already have contracts with tree specialists in the areas that they serve. If your tree poses a risk to their services, they will cut it down for free.

You may also opt to cut down the trees yourself. You can also sell the wood that you will get. You can also barter some of the wood in exchange for assistance in cutting, splitting, hauling and even cleaning up after doing so. Using this method does not only remove the tree for free but it can actually pay you back.

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Do you want to give your bathroom a fresh, new look? Are you wavering on buying a home because the bathroom is unattractive and outdated? Are you hoping to sell your home, but you know youll get a better price if you update the bathroom? While the bathroom can be one of, if not the most, expensive rooms in the home to renovate, it's really about making choices that don't cost you an arm and a leg. There are many ways to get around the expense of the bathroom, provided you plan cleverly and put in the effort yourself. Look over these ideas for remodeling your bathroom on a tight budget.

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Refinish the wood trim around the windows and floor. Instead of buying new lumber, remove the old trim carefully. Remove the paint with a heat gun, sand the pieces and repaint or apply a varnish. The trim will look new at a fraction of the cost.

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Question

What do I do with very limited space?

wikiHow Contributor

Community Answer

Try an over-the-toilet storage stand. They don't really look that bad and are super practical. They are also pretty cheap. Try searching online. Make sure to read the reviews and check that the particular one doesn't get wobbly.

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WELCOME!

Building Outdoor Living...direct from our factory to your home!

Today, building a new Screen Pool Enclosure along the hurricane coastal areas, inland snow and ice areas, or northern heavy snow areas is a challenge. Our Screen Pool Enclosures' strength comes from having the largest beam connecting plates, beams and uprights in the Screen Pool Enclosure industry.

Call 941-224-2219 or fill out our Quote/Contract Form for a FREE Estimate.

MORE ABOUT US AND THE QUALITY PRODUCTS WE BUILD AND INSTALL...

Located in Florida, All Weather Pool & Patio Enclosures has been building outdoor living since 1971! That's over 30 years in the pool and patio industry. Our factory trained crews haveinstalled pool enclosures in: AL, AR, DE, FL, GA, IL, IN, KY, LA, MD, MI, MN, MO, MS, NC, ND, NJ, NY, OH, OK, PA, SC, TN, TX, VA, WV andWI. These include ourSouthern Storm Ready Screen and Glass Pool Enclosures, engineered for up to 150mph hurricane winds, andour Northern Storm Ready Screen andGlass Enclosures, engineered for ice and snow, (screen enclosures designed with drop down panels to eliminate snow loads),as well as upto 150mph wind.

WHY GET A SCREEN POOLOR PATIOENCLOSURE?

Ourcustom built screen pool or patio enclosures allow you and your family to enjoy your

swimming pool and/or patio for more hours each day! At night, when those pesky bugs come

out, you will still be able to enjoy your outdoor area and pool comfortably. A screen pool

enclosure helps create anbeautiful, comfortable,outdoor entertaining space -to be used day

or night, literally doubling the time you can spend relaxing and having fun with your family and

friends.

Don't spend your weekends cleaning the pool and patio! Spend your timeenjoyingthe outdoorswith your family and friends! A custom built screen pool or patio enclosure will help keep leaves, grass clippings and other debris out of your pool, keeping your pool and patio areafar cleaner and easier to maintain.

Keeping your pool and patio area pest free is important, not only for your comfort, but also for your health and safety. According to the CDC,mosquitoes can carry diseases like Zika, dengue, chikungunya, and other viruses.A screen pool or patio enclosure creates a barrier between your family and potentially harmful mosquitoes.

In addition to drastically limiting pests,a custom screen enclosure will provide security for you, as a homeowner, and neighborhood children, by preventing children from entering the pool without supervision. A screen enclosurealsocreates a boundary for your children toswim and play, within the safety of your home's designated outdoor area. This is wonderful for pets as well.

WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF A GLASS ENCLOSURE?

In addition to all of the benefits a screen enclosure offers, a glass pool or patio enclosure canprovide the additional benefit of allowing year-round swimmingand outdoor patio enjoyment.Glass enclosures offer protection from the elements - rain, partial sun protection, and cold winter winds. Never have your home outdoorfun rained out again! A glass enclosure can also provide addedprotection from dust and dirt, making your pool and patio maintenance even easier.

The addition of a glass enclosureoffers youthe opportunitytoturn your pooland/or patio area intoaninvitingretreat, with beautiful furniture and decorative items. A glass enclosure allows you to fully enjoy the outdoors, while you and yourfurniture areprotected from unfavorable weather.

Adding aglass enclosurecan definitelyincrease the real estate value of your home. In fact, it is an easy way to add an extra room without a full construction project.

OUR STANDARD FEATURES OFFER THE STRONGEST CONSTRUCTION IN THE INDUSTRY

All Northernand Southern Storm Ready Screen Pool and Patio Enclosures are constructed with these standard features:

3" x 9" or 3" x 7" Uprights and Roof Beams Patent #US0087756900B1

3/16" Gusset Plates at Roof Beam Connectionsand Roof & Upright Beam Connections

Color - White or Bronze Aluminum Frame

Screen is 18/14 Fiber Glass (charcoal color)

3 Screen Doors, 2 - 36" x 80" and 1 - 48" x 80"

Fasteners are White or Bronze Ceramic Coated

Stainless Steel Wire Cables for Wind Loads

AllGlass Storm Ready Pool and Patio Enclosures are constructed with these standard features:

3" x 9" or 3" x 7" Uprights and Roof Beams Patent #US0087756900B1

3/16" Gusset Plates at Roof Beam Connectionsand Roof & Upright Beam Connections

Color - White or Bronze Aluminum Frame

2 Aluminum GlassWindow Doors,36" x 80"

Fasteners are White or Bronze Ceramic Coated

Corrugated Poly-carbonate Roof

1/4" Tempered Clear Glass

Sliding Glass Windows with Screens

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All Weather Pool and Patio Screen and Glass Enclosures

Crisp Architects

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"Working with Jimmy Crisp and his associates was a great and valuable learning experience that could not have turned out better than it did. Jimmy truly met, and in many instances, went beyond our expectations. The project, which was a complete gut renovation, went very smoothly and it did come in on budget with the exception of new items that were included after our original quote. Of course there were differences of opinions and long discussions about changes/desired outcomes and new costs, however, I would say that because of Jimmy's constant presence at the site, complete knowledge of exactly what was suppose to happen at all stages of the project and calm manner we escaped situations that could, at the time, have been less satisfactory. Jimmy, the associates and clerical employees of his firm are all a 10 in my book! My experience with Crisp Architects makes me believe that anyone seeking a great architect, backed by a most professional staff, could not do better than to choose Crisp Architects."

- carolsmerling

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"A kitchen renovation turned into an expansion of the room. Michael was recommended to me by my brother-in-law who also builds large projects. We found Michael to be prompt in returning calls, on time with appointments and most of all full of great ideas! He showed us his extensive portfolio and we were truly impressed. He is easy to work with mainly because he's a great listener."

- bobro26

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"When my husband and I took on the project of completely renovating an 1846 Greek Revival house in the back country of Greenwich, we ran into difficulties with the architect we had hired. Doug VanderHorn came to our rescue! Many architects might have been unwilling to take on a project that had already started, but Doug, to my everlasting gratitude, not only agreed to work with us, but brought fresh, new, creative and improved ideas to the table. His taste is impeccable and he ended up helping me with all kinds of related issue like bathroom tiles, special effects in moldings and fireplaces and placement of furniture in a difficult room. He is easy to work with and very realistic in his suggestions. I could not recommend him more highly! -Mrs. Russell S. Reynolds, Jr."

- debbietr5

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"I live in Manhattan and have a country house in the Catskills upstate. The house is a contemporary design built in the mid 1970's. The "bones" were great but the aesthetic was completely wrong. We had Kimberly redesign the interior of the entire house - from moving electrical work, plumbing, windows and walls to choosing finishes and fixtures. She is amazing and I have referred her to many friends and clients. Next.... the apartment."

- jasonbacke

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"We hired Brad to design a spec house for us in Rye, NY. As an Architect myself, I was extremely happy with the quality of work produced and the communication between us. It was a pleasure to work with Brad, and his understanding of our needs and requirements was second to none. Brad listened well to our needs and was able to efficiently express them in graphic form, & he always worked in an organized & professional manner. He was always easily available by phone & email, always returning my calls & emails promptly.The construction drawings were done to be within our construction budget, & when changes were made he was gracious & fair with regard to fees for extra services. He also helped us in selecting materials, & we were happy with those selections & the variety as well. While we haven't started construction yet, on past projects he was always accessible and able to clarify field conditions and changes by clients.We would definitely hire him again, and we would (and have) recommended him to our other clients who were also very happy with his service."

- LMD Homes Corp

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"Archetype did an amazing job for me as architects for the gut renovation of a 8,000 sf townhouse. They created a great plan, paid attention to every detail, were highly responsive in making modifications, went over and beyond the call of duty to get drawings done with a very tight deadline, and were a pleasure to work with. Navigating the permitting process in NYC is complex and arbitrary, but working with Archetype made it quite painless. I look forward to having the opportunity to work with them again in the near future and would highly recommend them."

- beacon advisors

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"Very pleased with work from Clawson Architects - Rene, Marvin and their team. Over a number of years they have supported 2 projects at our house - new bathroom, new kitchen and other changes that made the house meet our needs. In the last job, we had ambitious plans, they listened to why we wanted to do it and suggested a smarter, much lower cost approach that gave us exactly what we needed. One innovative idea that no one had suggested in 10 years of our living there until they and it saved me quite a lot of money. Their work is thorough and top notch."

- rkrakower

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"I most highly recommend this architect. Not only did he create a stunning remodel for us, but his constant help throughout the project kept everyone on track and ultimately made our remodel a huge success. I was always able to get into contact throughout the (almost year long) project, and I felt as if he always had time for us.I would not hesitate to do business with him again."

- bengkohn

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"I found Ben Herzog Architects while browsing Houzz.com. I would add photos to my ideabook and discovered that most of the projects were done by Ben! Ben has been great helping us decide how we can maximize space in our 1917 Brooklyn row house. We have decided on a more open floor plan, new wood plank floors, high hat lighting, a bit larger kitchen space with higher ceiling and an island, a shallow broom closet and banquette seating in our dining room. The demolition began 9/5/12 and as a result we have discovered that we can open up the doorway openings even more than planned! Ben is happily revising his drawings and I can't wait to see the changes! Ben and his team are easy to work with and very helpful with design and product ideas while keeping our budget in mind!"

- nellmhd

Architects and Building Designers in New York

"We are totally happy with the results of our kitchen re-do by Berceli. We are in a NYC Classic 6 with a good-sized galley kitchen. We are that NYC rarity, in that we cook almost every night. We were perfectly content with the kitchen footprint, but it sadly needed an upgrade. The estimate we got from the project manager, Samir, was not cheap, but totally accurate. There were no surprises. The designer somehow managed to not only create a beautiful kitchen, but somehow got us a lot more storage in the same space...I still can't figure out how. Cindi helped us with the fine details as colors and backsplash, which added to the overall look. Were there glitches along the way? Of course there were, as you don't tear out a complete kitchen without having some problems. However, Berceli was immediately responsive, answering emails and calls very promptly if something didn't look right. i would hire them again without question."

- Kathleen Gotschlich

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Listen to the full album: http://bit.ly/2RHvp9I"Doomsday" by Architects from the album 'Holy Hell,' available nowOrder at https://ffm.to/architects_holyhell

Directed By Stuart Birchall http://www.numinous-pictures.com

Official Site: http://www.architectsofficial.com/Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/architectsukTwitter: http://www.twitter.com/architectsukInstagram: http://instagram.com/architects

Lyrics:Remember when hell had frozen over?The cold still burns underneath my skinThe water is rising all around meAnd there is nothing left I can giveAll these tears I've shedI saw the wildfire spreadYou said you cheated deathBut heaven was in my headThey say the good die youngNo use in saying what is done is done'Cos its not enoughAnd when the night gives way It's like a brand new doomsdayWhat will be will beEvery river flows into the seaBut it's never enoughAnd when the night gives way Its like like a brand new doomsdayNo matter what they sayIt's like a brand new doomsdayThe embers still glow when Im soberThe gold in the flame burns brighter nowI have to rebuild now it's overMaybe now Im lost I can liveSouls dont break they bendBut I sometimes forgetI have to do this for youAnd the only way out is throughDeath is an open doorWords the prophets saidStill swimming through my headNow theres no stars left in the sky'Cos this well will never run dryWhat if I completely forget?What if I never accept?'Cos when you fade awayIts like a brand new doomsdayThey say the good die youngNo use in saying what is done is done'Cos its not enoughAnd when the night gives way It's like a brand new doomsdayWhat will be will beEvery river flows into the seaBut it's never enoughAnd when the night gives way It's like like a brand new doomsdayNo matter what they sayIts like a brand new doomsday

#Architects #HolyHell #Epitaph

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Are you outgrowing your house, but dont want to move? An addition is a great way to increase your living space, but which type is right for you? In this blog post, we will discuss the difference between a sunroom and a traditional room addition.

A sunroom is an all-encompassing term that refers to a screen room, three season room, four season room or solarium, simply put, its a room with abundant natural light and access to the outdoors If youre looking for a sunroom addition that you can use spring through fall, a three season room might be the right choice for you. Three season rooms are not insulated for winter weather and are not designed to be heated and cooled, but provide enjoyment most of the year depending on your climate. If youre looking for year-round use of your new space regardless of climate, a four season room is probably the right choice for you. A four season room is designed to be heated and cooled just like the rest of your home, which gives you a fully functioning room every day of the year. While a solarium is a four season room that is entirely made of glass including glass walls and a glass roof), giving you an unobstructed view of the outdoors.

A three season room is not insulated for winter weather, so in four season climates it may be too cold to use during winter months without some type of temporary heat source like an electric fireplace or space heater. An all season room can be used every day of the year. It is engineered for every season, has a room heating and cooling unit and is a fully functioning room just like any other room in your home.

A traditional room addition is built on site using traditional materials such as wood and drywall. The foundation is poured first. The walls and roof are then framed and covered. Traditional windows and doors are hung. The exterior is typically finished with siding and shingles while the interior is finished with electrical, insulation, drywall, and paint. With most room traditional room additions, HVAC systems need to be connected to existing systems or have separate systems installed.

A Patio Enclosures sunroom is a prefabricated aluminum or vinyl addition to your home. It is manufactured indoors under climate-controlled conditions, so there is no danger of building materials becoming mildewed or warped from weather exposure; then the components are transported to your location and your room is constructed on site.

Sunroom additions have more efficient insulation than traditional room additions since the insulation is installed at the factory, where all areas of the unit can be easily accessed. Insulating can be more difficult to access with a stick-built room addition, since it is built on-site.

Construction for a pre-fabricated sunroom is less costly than a stick-built room addition because there are less building materials needed. Plus, our sunrooms are manufactured for ease of installation. Traditional room additions can take weeks or even months to build out. A Patio Enclosures room is typically installed in a matter of days after the peripheral items such as foundation work is complete. Patio Enclosures sunroom additions are checked for quality throughout the construction process for consistency.

Traditional room additions can be built using traditional windows and/or patio doors to give you a nice view of the outdoors, however there are some limitations such as size and position. Unlike many window and door manufacturers, Stanek windows makes sliding patio doors up to 8 feet in height, which can give you more glass if a traditional room addition is ultimately what you want. Patio Enclosures sunroom additions are built with up to 98% tempered safety glass for maximum views, our Edge-to-Edge Advantage.

Before you decide on a home addition, its important to consider your vision and purpose for the room. Whether youre looking for a quiet sitting room that can be used year-round, or a large family living space for the summer months, there are endless ways to ensure you choose the perfect space for you. During your in-home estimate, one of our skilled professionals will come to you, listen to your needs, and assess your existing space in order to help you find the perfect fit your home.

Are you interested in learning more about our custom sunroom additions? Schedule your free, in-home estimate online today, or give us a call at 800-230-8301.

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Whats the Difference Between a Sunroom vs. Room Addition?

Retaining wall is structures that is constructed and designed to resist the lateral pressure of the soil. Apart from soil, the lateral pressure is caused by the pressure of liquid, earth filling, sand, or other granular material filled behind the wall after its constructed. These walls are key components of transportation structures and is commonly employed in theconstructionof hill roads, masonry dams, abutments and wings walls of bridges etc. The type of material used for the construction of the wall depends on the site conditions, type of material to be retained and also the height of the wall to be constructed. Generally there are 4 types of retaining walls.

The primary function of the retaining wall is to hold the earth back without any stability issues like overturning, sliding or structural failure. Water table, earth fill and surcharge are crucial in retaining wall design. Problems may occur when the pressure of the earth is too much and it may tip over. Basically retaining walls are classified into four types, explained below:

A type of retaining wall which depends on its own weight alone to stand up is called a gravity retaining wall. This retaining wall is massive. When designing this type of retaining wall, sliding, bearing and overturning forces should be considered and tested. This is most obvious in dams, or simple dykes.

Sliding of retaining wall

Overturning of Retaining wall

Global stability of Retaining wall

Gravity retaining wall

In this type of retaining wall, piles are driven so deep into the earth that the top force which usually tries to push the wall over, is held back. It uses counter force to negate the top force and keep it from tipping over. This wall is used in temporary or permanent works as the piled walls provide high stiffness retaining elements which afford large excavation depths with almost no disturbance to surrounding structures or properties.

Pile retaining wall

These walls are constructed of reinforced concrete. This wall consists of a thin stem and base slab. The base of this retaining wall is divided into two parts namely the heel and the toe. The heel is a part of the base under the backfill. This wall uses much less concrete than retaining walls but it needs careful construction and design. Its usually economic till 25ft in height. And these walls can either be precast in a factory or formed on the site.

Cantilever retaining wall

For high retaining walls, deep cable rods or wires are driven deep sideways into the earth, then the ends are filled with concrete to provide an anchor. These are also known as tiebacks. They work when a thinner retaining wall is needed or space is limited to install other types of retaining walls. They are very effective for loose soils over solid rocks. Anchored retaining walls are usually employed in lots of highways construction departments where they use them to keep rocks from falling on the roads by accidents.

Anchored retaining wall

To ensure the stability of a retaining wall, the following conditions or requirements must be met:

Basic retaining walls

Major loads that act on retaining walls are as follows.

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Retaining Wall | Types of Retaining Walls | Design ...